| 李宝生,董龙,谢富贵,兰宗宝,赵久成,梁家亮,高兴,朱万升,邱文武,陈宏娟,蔡昭艳,岑延新,付鑫锋.36份百香果种质资源果实相关性状多样性分析[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(3): |
| 36份百香果种质资源果实相关性状多样性分析 |
| Diversity Analysis of Fruit-Related Traits in 36 Passion Fruit Germplasm Accessions |
| 投稿时间：2026-03-11 修订日期：2026-05-11 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 关键词：百香果 种质资源 遗传多样性 聚类分析 主成分分析 综合评价 |
| 英文关键词:Keywords: Passion fruit germplasm genetic diversity cluster analysis principal component analysis comprehensive evaluation |
| 基金项目:基金项目：国家现代农业产业技术体系广西特色水果创新团队百香果南宁综合试验站（编号：nycytxgxcxtd -2024-17-08）、热带特色果树研究（桂农科2026YT082）、2026年现代种业提升工程补助项目（桂农厅办发〔2026〕7号）、贵港市科技攻关与新产品试制项目（贵科攻2500063、贵科攻2500064） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘要：【目的】探究36份百香果种质资源果实性状的遗传多样性，为百香果优异种质资源筛选提供理论依据。【方法】以36份百香果种质资源果实为研究对象，对6个质量性状和10个数量性状分别进行多样性指数、变异系数分析，并运用相关性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析等方法对数量性状进行遗传多样性分析及系统评价。【结果】质量性状多样性指数在0.636~1.108之间，果皮颜色、果实形状、果实胎座颜色多样性指数均大于1，表现出丰富的遗传多样性；数量性状变异系数在8.10%~63.51%之间，固酸比、可滴定酸、果皮重、单果重、果皮厚度、果实纵径、果实横径、可溶性固形物、可食率9个数量性状变异系数大于10%，存在丰富的差异性；相关性分析表明，果实大小性状之间呈极显著正相关（P＜0.01），果实大小与可滴定酸呈显著正相关（P＜0.05），与固酸比呈显著负相关；聚类分析将36份百香果种质分为3个类群，第Ⅰ类群共22份，属于鲜食加工兼用型品种，第Ⅱ类群共13份，属于鲜食型品种，第Ⅲ类群共1份，属于加工型品种；主成分分析提取出3个主成分，累计贡献率达77.39%，分别为果实大小因子、果实风味因子、果实食用经济价值因子；基于主成分分析构建综合评价模型，筛选出F1（金霸、西香5号）、F2（大满天星、钦果9号）、F3（9-58号、西香892号）和F综合（金霸、西香5号、西香892号）等得分排名靠前的种质。【结论】36份百香果种质资源果实性状遗传多样性丰富，建议根据育种目标进行定向配组。其中，金霸、西香5号、西香892号等种质综合得分居前，兼具大果、高可食率及风味均衡等特性，可作为鲜食加工兼用型育种的优异亲本；钦果9号、大满天星等高糖低酸、固酸比高，适宜作为改良果实风味的理想亲本；香黄1号等单果重大但可食率偏低、酸度高，适合作为加工专用型亲本或大果性状的遗传研究材料。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract: [Objective] To investigate the genetic diversity of fruit traits among 36 passion fruit germplasm resources and to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of superior germplasm resources of passion fruit. [Methods] Using fruits from 36 passion fruit germplasm resources as research materials, diversity index and coefficient of variation analyses were conducted for six qualitative traits and ten quantitative traits, respectively. Correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis were further applied to the quantitative traits to analyze genetic diversity and to perform a systematic evaluation. [Results] The diversity index of qualitative traits ranged from 0.636 to 1.108. The diversity indices of peel color, fruit shape, and placenta color were all greater than 1, indicating abundant genetic diversity. The coefficient of variation of quantitative traits ranged from 8.10% to 63.51%. Nine quantitative traits—including sugar–acid ratio, titratable acidity, peel weight, single fruit weight, peel thickness, fruit longitudinal diameter, fruit transverse diameter, soluble solids content, and edible rate—had coefficients of variation greater than 10%, indicating abundant variability. Correlation analysis showed that fruit size traits were highly significantly positively correlated with each other (P < 0.01). Fruit size was significantly positively correlated with titratable acidity (P < 0.05) and significantly negatively correlated with the sugar–acid ratio. Cluster analysis divided the 36 passion fruit germplasm resources into three groups. Group I contained 22 accessions and belonged to fresh consumption and processing dual-purpose varieties; Group II contained 13 accessions and belonged to fresh consumption varieties; Group III contained 1 accession and belonged to processing varieties. Principal component analysis extracted three principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 77.39%. These were identified as the fruit size factor, fruit flavor factor, and fruit edible and economic value factor, respectively. A comprehensive evaluation model was constructed based on principal component analysis. Germplasm resources with higher scores were identified, including F1 ('Jinba', 'Xixiang 5'), F2 ('Daman Tianxing', 'Qingguo 9'), F3 ('9-58', 'Xixiang 892'), and the overall composite score F ('Jinba', 'Xixiang 5', 'Xixiang 892'). [Conclusion] The 36 passion fruit germplasm resources exhibited rich genetic diversity in fruit traits. It is recommended that targeted crossing combinations be carried out according to breeding objectives. Among them, germplasm such as 'Jinba', 'Xixiang 5', and 'Xixiang 892' ranked highly in comprehensive scores and showed characteristics of large fruit size, high edible rate, and balanced flavor, making them excellent parental materials for fresh consumption and processing dual-purpose breeding. 'Qinguo 9', 'Daman Tianxing', and similar accessions, characterized by high sugar content, low acidity, and a high sugar–acid ratio, are suitable as ideal parental materials for improving fruit flavor. 'Xianghuang 1' and similar accessions, which have large single fruit weight but relatively low edible rate and high acidity, are suitable as processing-specific parental materials or as genetic research materials for large-fruit traits. |
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