| 吴俊锋,郭元成,刘梓桐.丹江口库区柑橘大实蝇全程绿色防控技术研究[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(3): |
| 丹江口库区柑橘大实蝇全程绿色防控技术研究 |
| Whole-Process Green Prevention and Control Technology of Citrus Fruit Fly (Bactrocera minax) in Danjiangkou Reservoir Area |
| 投稿时间：2026-02-27 修订日期：2026-06-17 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 柑橘大实蝇 绿色防控 R-(+)- 柠檬烯 缓释剂型 诱杀器 丹江口库区 |
| 英文关键词:Citrus fruit fly Green prevention and control R-(+)-limonene Slow-release formulation Trapping device Danjiangkou Reservoir Area |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为兼顾南水北调中线工程核心水源区产业效益与生态安全，构建适配丹江口库区的柑橘大实蝇（Bactrocera minax）全程绿色防控技术体系，基于 2015—2025 年连续定位观测、国家现代农业（柑橘）产业技术体系丹江口柑橘综合试验站数据及 3 个核心示范基地田间试验，系统分析柑橘大实蝇发生规律，研发集成以 “监测预警 + 理化诱控 + 生态调控 + 精准用药” 为核心的全流程绿色防控技术。结果表明，丹江口库区柑橘大实蝇成虫羽化始期为 5 月 15—20 日、盛期为 6 月 5 日 —7 月 10 日、末期为 8 月 1—5 日；筛选出 1.50% R-(+)- 柠檬烯为高效特异性诱杀化合物，优化的高分子凝胶型、石蜡微胶囊型、纤维素凝胶型 3 种缓释剂型持效期达 14~22 d；研发出诱杀半径 15~20 m 的柑橘大实蝇专用诱杀器，制定了基于树龄、地形差异的诱捕器悬挂规范，参与编制 3 项相关地方标准。示范推广后，柑橘大实蝇危害落果率由 8.3% 降至 2.1%，化学农药使用量减少 35%，优质果率提升至 88%，天敌种群数量增加 42%。结论：该技术实现了柑橘大实蝇高效防控与水源区生态保护的协同，攻克了幼虫果内危害难以防治的产业瓶颈，为北缘水源区柑橘大实蝇绿色防控提供全流程技术支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To balance industrial benefits and ecological safety in the core water source area of the South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project, a whole-process green prevention and control technology system tailored for the citrus fruit fly (Bactrocera minax) in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area was developed. Based on continuous positioning observations from 2015 to 2025, data from the Danjiangkou Citrus Comprehensive Experimental Station of the National Modern Agriculture (Citrus) Industry Technology System, and field trials at three core demonstration bases, the occurrence patterns of B. minax were systematically analyzed. A full-process green control technology centered on "monitoring and early warning + physical and chemical trapping + ecological regulation + precise pesticide application" was integrated. The results showed that the initial emergence period of adult B. minax in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area occurred from May 15 to 20, the peak period from June 5 to July 10, and the end period from August 1 to 5. The compound 1.5% R-(+)-limonene was identified as a highly effective specific attractant. Three optimized slow-release formulations—polymer gel, paraffin microcapsule, and cellulose gel—achieved effective durations of 14 to 22 days. A specialized trapping device with a trapping radius of 15–20 m was developed, and standardized hanging specifications based on tree age and terrain differences were established. Three related local standards were compiled with participation. After demonstration and promotion, the fruit drop rate caused by B. minax decreased from 8.3% to 2.1%, chemical pesticide use was reduced by 35%, the high-quality fruit rate increased to 88%, and natural enemy populations increased by 42%. It is concluded that this technology achieves efficient control of B. minax while coordinating with ecological protection in the water source area, overcoming the industrial bottleneck of controlling larval damage inside the fruit, and providing full-process technical support for the green control of B. minax in the northern margin water source areas. |
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