| 黄琨,李文妍.中国-东盟荔枝主要贸易国质量标准差异性研究[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(2): |
| 中国-东盟荔枝主要贸易国质量标准差异性研究 |
| Study on quality differences in Litchi standards of China-ASEAN main trading countries |
| 投稿时间：2026-01-08 修订日期：2026-03-09 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 荔枝 中国-东盟 质量标准 标准比对 |
| 英文关键词:Litchi, China-ASEAN, quality standards, standard comparison |
| 基金项目:广西科技基地和人才专项项目《标准化科技服务业公共服务平台建设》（项目编号：桂科AD21238037） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】荔枝作为中国与东盟国家重要的特色农产品，在双边农产品贸易中具有重要地位。随着中国东盟全面战略伙伴关系持续深化以及中国—东盟自贸区升级版的推进，双边荔枝贸易规模持续增长。然而，各国在荔枝质量标准上的差异，逐渐成为制约贸易畅通与便利化的重要因素。为探究和明晰中国与东盟主要荔枝贸易国质量标准的异同，促进我国荔枝对外贸易畅通和标准升级，【方法】本研究采用对比分析法与归纳总结法相结合的研究方法，系统比对分析了各国标准在基本要求、分级规则、农药最大残留限量和包装等与贸易密切相关的核心指标。【结果】研究显示，中国与东盟各国标准在荔枝质量的具体指标上存在显著差异。在基本质量要求方面，果实外观、成熟度等等指标差异不大；在分级规则上，分类依据与允许缺陷范围各有不同，且我国标准还规定了理化指标；在农药最大残留限量上，各国农药种类和残留限量差异较大；在包装方面，东盟国家标准对包装辅材安全性要求更高。【结论】基于差异分析结果，总结出我国现行荔枝质量标准存在标准体系不统一、技术指标更新滞后、与国际市场衔接不足等问题，并进一步提出推动制定统一国家标准、及时更新技术指标、推进标准区域协同等建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Litchi（Litchi chinensis Sonn.）, as an important characteristic agricultural product of China and ASEAN countries, holds a significant role in agricultural trade. As the continuous deepening of comprehensive strategic partnership between China and ASEAN and advancement of the upgraded China-ASEAN Free Trade Area, the scale of bilateral Litchi trade has been expanding. However, difference in quality standards among countries have gradually become a key factor affecting the smoothness and convenience of trade. To explore and clarify the similarities and differences in quality standards between China and the major ASEAN countries related to Litchi trade, and to promote the smoothness of China's Litchi trade and standard upgrading, with a research method combining comparative analysis and summary induction,【Method】this paper systematically compared and analyzed the core indicators closely related to trade, such as basic requirements, grading rules, maximum residue limits for pesticides, and packaging in the standards of different countries. The research shows that there are significant differences in specific quality indicators of Litchi between China and the ASEAN countries.【Results】In terms of basic quality requirements, there is less difference in indicators such as fruit appearance and maturity; in classification rules, there are differences on basis for classification and range of defect tolerence, what’s more, Chinese standards also stipulate physical and chemical indicators; in terms of maximum residue limits for pesticides, types of pesticides and residue limits vary greatly among different countries; in packaging, the ASEAN national standards have higher requirements for the safety of packaging auxiliary materials.【Conclusion】 Based on the analysis results of these differences, it is concluded that the current quality standards for Litchi in China have some issues such as inconsistent standard systems, lagging technical indicator updates, and insufficient connection with the international market. Further suggestions were put forward, including promoting the formulation of unified national standards, promptly updating technical indicators, and advancing regional coordination of standards. |
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