| 郭梦娅,苏基平,吴玉珠,胡军华,姚廷山,黄丽丽,江东,邹修平,周彦.不同柑橘种质对柑橘溃疡病菌的抗性评价[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(1): |
| 不同柑橘种质对柑橘溃疡病菌的抗性评价 |
| Evaluation of Citrus Germplasm Resistance to Xanthomonas citri pv. citri |
| 投稿时间：2025-11-14 修订日期：2025-12-24 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20250510 |
| 中文关键词: 柑橘种质 柑橘溃疡病菌 抗性评价 |
| 英文关键词:citrus germplasm xanthomonas citri pv. citri resistance evaluation |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFD1400200） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确不同品种抗性差异，为抗溃疡病育种提供理论依据，本研究采用离体叶片室内人工接种法，对92份柑橘种质（涵盖宽皮橘、甜橙、柠檬、柚、金柑5大类）进行抗性评价。结果表明，宽皮橘类整体抗性表现优异，30份种质中仅6份感病，且未发现高感品种。40份甜橙类种质中，9个品种为耐病，其余均为感病或高感品种。柠檬和柚类中，种质抗性差异显著：‘早熟柚’‘龙安柚’等为高抗，‘尤力克柠檬’‘沙田柚’为耐病，而‘琯溪蜜柚’‘高浦柚’病情指数分别达65.00和63.16，属高感类型。金柑类种质表现出极强抗性，其中罗纹金柑、融安金柑、滑皮金柑和金弹均为免疫种质，是理想抗源；甜橙类普遍高感，需加强综合防控；宽皮橘类抗性优势显著，适合作为抗病育种基础材料。研究结果为柑橘抗病品种选育和产业布局提供了科学依据，建议在溃疡病高发区推广高抗品种，减少感病品种种植面积，为从源头控制病害提供新方向。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To clarify the resistance differences among varieties and provide a theoretical basis for canker-resistant breeding, this study adopted the in vitro leaf artificial inoculation assay to evaluate the resistance of 92 citrus germplasms, covering five categories: loose-skinned oranges, sweet oranges, lemons, pomelos, and kumquats. The results showed that loose-skinned oranges exhibited excellent overall resistance: among 30 germplasms, only 6 were susceptible, with no highly susceptible varieties detected. Of the 40 sweet orange germplasms, 9 were tolerant, while the remainder were susceptible or highly susceptible. Significant resistance variations were observed in lemons and pomelos: Precocious Pomelo and Long'an Pomelo were highly resistant, Eureka Lemon and Shatian Pomelo were tolerant, whereas Guanxi Honey Pomelo and Gaopu Pomelo had disease indexes of 65.00 and 63.16, respectively, classified as highly susceptible. Kumquat germplasms displayed extremely strong resistance, among which Ribbed Kumquat, Rongan Kumquat, Smooth-skinned Kumquat, and Round Kumquat were immune, serving as ideal resistance sources. Sweet oranges were generally highly susceptible, necessitating enhanced integrated prevention and control. Loose-skinned oranges had significant resistance advantages, making them suitable as foundational materials for disease-resistant breeding. These findings provide a scientific basis for the selection and breeding of citrus disease-resistant varieties and industrial layout. It is recommended to promote highly resistant varieties and reduce the planting area of susceptible varieties in canker-prone regions, offering a new direction for source control of the disease. |
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