| 娄钰静,刘振君,邹秀琴,佟伟,王阳,吴欣冉,李慧心.不同栽培方式对杨梅果实品质的影响+增刊[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(S1): |
| 不同栽培方式对杨梅果实品质的影响+增刊 |
| Effects of Different Cultivation Methods on Fruit Quality of Chinese Bayberry |
| 投稿时间：2025-11-06 修订日期：2025-11-11 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 杨梅 设施栽培 果实品质 |
| 英文关键词:Chinese bayberry facility cultivation fruit quality |
| 基金项目:青田杨梅采后专家工作站；浙江青田杨梅科技小院“产业技术创新与推广服务团队”项目；中国农业科学院科技创新工程（CAAS-ASTIP-2015-RIP-06） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究露地、避雨与罗幔栽培方式对“东魁”杨梅果实采后品质的影响，本研究系统测定并比较了三种栽培模式下果实的外在、内在品质、营养成分及抗氧化酶活指标。结果表明，罗幔栽培果实的单果重（31.1 g）、纵横径（37.6 mm、37.2 mm）及果皮颜色（L*值17.3、a*值13.3、b*值4.63）均极显著高于其他处理（P＜0.01），但果实硬度最低（0.89 kg/cm2）且呼吸速率最高（123.2 mg/kg/h）。避雨栽培果实硬度最高（1.3 kg/cm2）。与露地栽培相比，避雨和罗幔栽培均能极显著提高果实总黄酮（15.1、14.9 mg/g）和总酚含量（33.3、34.5 mg/g），并极显著提高过氧化物酶（32.3、29.8 U/g）和超氧化物歧化酶（37.2、46.0 U/g）活性（P＜0.01），同时显著降低超氧阴离子积累量（0.02、0.03 μmol/g）（P＜0.05）。三种栽培方式下，果实可溶性固形物（SSC）、维生素C（VC）含量及固酸比无显著差异（P＞0.05）。综上，罗幔栽培为提升果实外观商品性的最佳栽培方式；避雨栽培在维持果实硬度、均衡内在品质及增强抗氧化能力方面综合表现突出。通过以上研究为杨梅设施栽培模式的科学选择提供了理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study investigated the effects of three cultivation methods (open-field, rain-shelter, and canopy) on the postharvest quality of ""Dongkui"" Chinese bayberry. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted on external characteristics, internal quality, nutritional components, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Canopy cultivation significantly enhanced fruit appearance. It produced fruits with the highest values in single fruit weight (31.1 g), longitudinal diameter (37.6 mm), transverse diameter (37.2 mm), and peel color parameters (L* 17.3, a* 13.3, b* 4.63). These values were significantly higher than those from other treatments (P < 0.01). However, these fruits also exhibited the lowest firmness (0.89 kg/cm2) and the highest respiration rate (123.2 mg/kg/h). In contrast, rain-shelter cultivation yielded fruits with superior firmness (1.3 kg/cm2). Both protective cultivation methods significantly improved fruit functional quality compared to open-field cultivation. They markedly increased the contents of total flavonoids (15.1 and 14.9 mg/g) and total phenols (33.3 and 34.5 mg/g). Additionally, they substantially enhanced the activities of peroxidase (32.3 and 29.8 U/g) and superoxide dismutase (37.2 and 46.0 U/g) (P < 0.01). Concurrently, they effectively reduced superoxide anion accumulation (0.02 and 0.03 μmol/g) (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed among the three cultivation methods in soluble solids content, vitamin C content, or solid-to-acid ratio (P > 0.05). In conclusion, canopy cultivation represents the optimal approach for enhancing fruit visual marketability. Rain-shelter cultivation demonstrates comprehensive advantages in maintaining fruit firmness, balancing internal quality, and improving antioxidant capacity. This study provides a scientific basis for selecting appropriate cultivation systems in Chinese bayberry production. |
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