| 方林川,姜建福,孙磊.“十四五”期间我国葡萄育种的成就与展望[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(1): |
| “十四五”期间我国葡萄育种的成就与展望 |
| Achievements and Prospects of Grape Breeding in China During the 14th Five-Year Plan Period |
| 投稿时间：2025-11-04 修订日期：2025-11-26 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 葡萄 生物育种 种质资源 无核 |
| 英文关键词:Grape Biological breeding Germplasm Resources Seedless |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业葡萄产业技术体系项目CARS-29；湖北省种业高质量发展项目HBZY2023A001-15;武汉市农业科学院创新体系项目XKCX2025-003 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| “十四五”期间（2021-2025年），在国家战略需求的引导下，我国葡萄育种研究取得了极大进展。本文基于中国种业大数据平台（http://202.127.42.145）数据，汇总了新品种权授权、品种审定与品种登记三个渠道的葡萄育种成果，并进行统计分析，梳理此阶段我国葡萄新品种选育成效与特点、育种核心技术突破及面临的挑战。“十四五”期间，我国葡萄育种工作呈现出以下主要特征：在品种产出方面，一批高抗优质自主葡萄新品种成功选育，为葡萄产业品种结构调整奠定了基础；在资源利用层面，国内评价与利用了上千份葡萄种质资源，为品种选育提供了广泛材料；在技术研发层面，泛基因组图谱的绘制、全基因组选择育种模型的应用以及人工智能表型组学平台的融合，有望显著提升育种的精准度和效率。然而，葡萄育种周期长、品种结构不合理、育种力量分散与育种工作重复、基础研究与产业应用衔接不足等挑战依然存在。展望“十五五”及以后，国内葡萄育种将朝智能化、精准化、多元化方向发展，以应对气候变化和消费升级，助力我国从生产大国向种业强国迈进。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period (2021–2025), guided by national strategic needs, China's grape breeding research has made significant progress. Based on data from the China Seed Industry Big Data Platform (http://202.127.42.145), this paper summarizes grape breeding achievements through three channels—new variety rights authorization, variety approval, and variety registration—and conducts statistical analysis to outline the outcomes and characteristics of new grape variety development in China during this period, as well as breakthroughs in core breeding technologies and existing challenges.There are three main features of China’s grape breeding efforts in the "14th Five-Year Plan" . Firstly, a number of high-resistance, high-quality, independently developed grape varieties were successfully bred, laying a foundation for restructuring the grape industry's variety composition. Secondly, thousands of grape germplasm resources were evaluated and utilized domestically, providing extensive materials for variety breeding. Thirdly, the construction of pan-genome maps, the application of whole-genome selection breeding models, and the integration of artificial intelligence phenomics platforms are expected to significantly enhance the precision and efficiency of breeding. However, challenges remain, such as the long breeding cycle, unreasonable variety structure, fragmented and repetitive breeding efforts, and insufficient integration between basic research and industrial application.Looking ahead to the "15th Five-Year Plan" and beyond, domestic grape breeding will move toward greater intelligence, precision, and diversification to address climate change and evolving consumption patterns, thereby supporting China's transition from a major producer to a powerhouse in the seed industry. |
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