| 翟敬华,戢小梅,张鸿,陈志伟,乐有章,黄维,杨静文,李秀丽.21份猕猴桃种质资源物候期和果实品质特征的综合评价[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(4):204-210 |
| 21份猕猴桃种质资源物候期和果实品质特征的综合评价 |
| Comprehensive evaluation of phenological period and fruit quality characteristics of 21 kiwifruit germplasm resources |
| 投稿时间：2025-11-03 修订日期：2025-11-24 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 猕猴桃 物候期 果实品质 主成分分析 综合评价 |
| 英文关键词:Kiwifruit Phenological period Fruit characteristic Principal component analysis Comprehensive evaluation |
| 基金项目:湖北省重点研发项目（2023BBB064，2024BBB042）；湖北省科技服务人才专项（2024DJC037）；湖北省青年科技人才培养专项（2025DJA078）；湖北省第四批现代农业产业技术体系水果产业技术体系项目（2024HBSTX4-08） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】通过调查猕猴桃资源在湖北地区的物候期表现，分析其果实品质特征，为本地猕猴桃资源开发利用、品种选育和丰富猕猴桃市场提供理论依据。【方法】以同园栽培的21份猕猴桃资源为研究对象，调查其全年物候期，测定单果重、纵径、横径、侧径、果形指数、单果体积等外观品质性状，以及干物质、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、固酸比、维生素C含量等果实内在品质性状，进行单因素方差分析和变异分析，并筛选单果重、果形指数、单果体积、干物质等8个主要果实品质性状进行主成分分析、综合得分排序。【结果】21份猕猴桃种质资源中成熟较早的有‘红阳’、‘丰悦’、海艳’、‘桂海4号’，9月上旬成熟，‘金桃’、‘金艳’、‘和平1号’、‘和平2号’成熟较晚，10月上中旬成熟。经主成分分析从8个主要果实品质性状中提取出3个特征值大于1的主成分，累计贡献率达76.876%，决定第1主成分大小的主要是单果重、单果体积、干物质、可滴定酸、固酸比；决定第2主成分大小的有果形指数、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、维生素C；决定第3主成分大小的是可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、固酸比。在湖北武汉地区，‘西选12号’、‘金霞’、‘红阳’、‘建始红心’和‘徐香’的综合得分排序在前5，综合品质表现较好，‘皖金’、‘和平3号’、‘翠香’、‘海艳’、‘和平2号’综合品质表现较差。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】By investigating the phenological performance of kiwifruit resources in Hubei province and analyzing the fruit quality characteristics, this study provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of local kiwifruit resources, variety breeding and enrichment of kiwifruit market.．【Method】Taking 21 kiwifruit resources cultivated in the same garden as the research object, the annual phenological period was investigated, and the appearance quality traits such as single fruit weight, longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, lateral diameter, fruit shape index and single fruit volume, as well as the internal quality traits such as dry matter, soluble solids, titratable acid, solid acid ratio and vitamin C content were measured. Single factor analysis of variance and variation analysis were carried out, and 8 main fruit quality traits such as single fruit weight, fruit shape index, single fruit volume and dry matter were selected for principal component analysis and comprehensive score ranking.．【Result】Among the 21 kiwifruit germplasm resources, '' Hongyang '', '' Fengyue '', '' Haiyan '', '' Guihai 4 '' matured earlier and matured in early September. '' Jintao '', '' Jinyan '', '' Heping 1 '', '' Heping 2 '' matured later and matured in early and middle October.Three principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1 were extracted from the eight main fruit quality traits by principal component analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate was 76.876 %. The first principal component was mainly determined by single fruit weight, single fruit volume, dry matter, titratable acid and solid acid ratio. Fruit shape index, soluble solids, titratable acid and vitamin C determined the size of the second principal component ; the size of the third principal component was determined by soluble solids, titratable acid and solid-acid ratio.In the Wuhan area of Hubei Province, the comprehensive scores of '' Xixuan 12 '', '' Jinxia '', '' Hongyang '', '' Jianshi Hongxin '' and '' Xuxiang '' were ranked in the top 5, and the comprehensive quality was better. The comprehensive quality of '' Wanjin '', '' Heping 3 '', '' Cuixiang '', '' Haiyan '' and '' Heping 2 '' was poor. |
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