| 娄伟,李梦媛,曾庆阳,陈晓安,柳嘉程,刘涛,彭龙,张油兵,杨月华,张洪铭,陈兆星,谢丽芳,严翔.避雨栽培模式下安远早脐橙早熟规律研究[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(1): |
| 避雨栽培模式下安远早脐橙早熟规律研究 |
| Study on the early maturity law of Anyuanzao navel orange under rain-shelter cultivation mode |
| 投稿时间：2025-10-28 修订日期：2025-11-14 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 安远早脐橙 避雨栽培 脐橙品质 |
| 英文关键词:Anyuanzao navel orange Rain-sheltered cultivation Navel orange quality |
| 基金项目:江西省“科技+水利”联合计划项目（2023KSG01002）；国家现代农业（柑橘）产业技术体系（CARS-26）；赣州市重点研发计划一般项目（202101125029） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【研究目的】针对赣南脐橙产业发展早熟脐橙品种的布局及脐橙转色期阴雨导致的品质下降问题，探究塑料大棚避雨栽培模式下安远早脐橙的早熟规律，为进一步提高安远早脐橙高品质栽培技术及优化赣南地区脐橙早熟品种布局提供理论依据。【研究方法】在塑料膜大棚栽培条件下，以5年生安远早为研究对象，同条件纽荷尔脐橙为对照材料，通过两年的大田试验，对比不同采收时期2种脐橙外观及内在品质的变化规律，研究安远早脐橙的早熟特性及品质变化规律。【研究结果】两年试验结果表明，安远早脐橙的挂果量和产量分别比纽荷尔脐橙提高了9.92%和10.53%；果皮于10月21日完成退绿转黄，各时期综合色泽指数（CCI）均显著高于纽荷尔脐橙；果皮厚度随时间无明显变化规律，但各期均低于纽荷尔脐橙，平均降低了14.81%；可食率随时间先升高后降低，出汁率无明显变化规律，均与纽荷尔脐橙差异不大；可溶性固形物随时间先升高后降低，在11月3日达到峰值，各时期均高于纽荷尔脐橙，前2个时期达到显著水平；酸度、固酸比及还原型Vc随时间无明显变化规律，与纽荷尔脐橙差别不大。【主要结论】避雨栽培模式下，安远早脐橙果皮在10月下旬退绿转黄，内在品质在11月中旬达到最高，较纽荷尔脐橙提早20d左右成熟，产量提高10%左右，可满足赣南脐橙早熟品种的产业布局。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【 Objective 】In view of the layout of early-maturing navel orange varieties in the development of Gannan navel orange industry and the quality decline caused by the rain during the color conversion period of navel orange, the early-maturing law of Anyuanzao navel orange under the rain-shelter cultivation mode of plastic greenhouse was explored, which provided a theoretical basis for further improving the high-quality cultivation technology of Anyuanzao navel orange and optimizing the layout of early-maturing navel orange varieties in Gannan area.【 Method 】 Under the condition of plastic film greenhouse cultivation, 5-year-old Anyuanzao was used as the research object, and Newhall navel orange was used as the control material. Through two years of field experiments, the changes of appearance and internal quality of two kinds of navel oranges in different harvest periods were compared, and the early maturity characteristics and quality changes of Anyuanzao navel orange were studied.【 Result 】 TThe results of two-year experiment showed that the fruit set and yield of Anyuanzao navel orange were 9.92 % and 10.53 % higher than those of Newhall navel orange, respectively. The peel turned green to yellow on October 21, and the comprehensive color index ( CCI ) of each period was significantly higher than that of Newhall navel orange. There was no significant change in peel thickness with time, but it was lower than that of Newhall navel orange in each period, with an average decrease of 14.81 %. The edible rate increased first and then decreased with time, and the juice yield had no obvious change rule, which was not much different from that of Newhall navel orange. The soluble solids increased first and then decreased with time, reaching a peak on November 3, which was higher than that of Newhall navel orange in each period, and reached a significant level in the first two periods. The acidity, solid-acid ratio and reduced Vc had no obvious change with time, which was not significantly different from that of Newhall navel orange.【 Conclusion 】Under the rain-shelter cultivation mode, the peel of Anyuan early navel orange turned green to yellow in late October, and the internal quality reached the highest in mid-November. It matured about 20 days earlier than Newhall navel orange, and the yield increased by about 10 %, which could meet the industrial layout of early-maturing varieties of Gannan navel orange. |
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