| 陈勇,易鑫,曹卓,聂松青,徐丰,杨国顺,白描.‘阳光玫瑰’二次果花芽分化调控的技术研究[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(4):142-147 |
| ‘阳光玫瑰’二次果花芽分化调控的技术研究 |
| Technical Study on the Regulation of Flower Bud Differentiation in the Second Crop of ''Shine Muscat'' Grapes |
| 投稿时间：2025-10-21 修订日期：2025-12-03 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 阳光玫瑰’ 错季栽培 熟期调控 二次果 花芽分化 |
| 英文关键词:Shine Muscat Off-season cultivation Maturity regulation Second Crop Flower bud differentiation |
| 基金项目:岳麓山实验室种业专项项目（YLS-2025-ZY02032），国家现代农业产业技术体系项目（CARS-29-zp-9） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究采用二次果进行了‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄的错季栽培，通过20种不同药剂复配处理，研究了其对主梢冬芽二次果成花率的影响。结果表明，错季栽培相比常规栽培显著缩短物候期，萌芽期至花期缩短35 d，开花期缩短4 d。对于促进花芽分化，复配植物生长调节剂效果优于单剂，调环酸钙50 mg·L?1+缩节胺980 mg·L?1（T7）可作为更安全的方案代替矮壮素500 mg·L?1处理（T3）；在使用调环酸钙100 mg·L?1基础上增加缩节胺浓度显著提高成花率；而在相对低浓度缩节胺下，复配磷酸二氢钾、2,4-表芸苔素内酯、苄氨基嘌呤和复硝酚钠有助于成花，而噻苯隆可能具有抑制作用。本研究中，T17（调环酸钙100 mg·L?1+缩节胺1306.67 mg·L?1+复硝酚钠4.5 mg·L?1）处理成花率最佳，达88.97%。另外，在一定范围内增加处理次数未必提高成花率。二次果较小但可溶性固形物含量高于一次果，酸度降低，整体风味更优。本研究为‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄的熟期调控栽培技术提供了指导方案。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study utilized the second Crop for the off-season cultivation of ''Shine Muscat'' grapes, investigating the effects of 20 different compound agent treatments on the flower formation rate of Second Crop from the main shoot winter buds. The results showed that off-season cultivation significantly shortened the phenological period compared to conventional cultivation. The time from the budburst stage to the flowering stage was shortened by 35 days, and the flowering period was shortened by 4 days. In terms of promoting flower bud differentiation, the compound plant growth regulators were more effective than single agents. The treatment of prohexadione-calcium (PC) at 50 mg·L?1 + mepiquat chloride (MC) at 980 mg·L?1 (T7) could serve as a safer alternative to the treatment of chlormequat chloride (CCC) at 500 mg·L?1 (T3). Increasing the concentration of MC on the basis of using PC at 100 mg·L?1 significantly improved the flower formation rate. Under relatively low concentrations of MC, compounding with potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4), 2,4-epibrassinolide (24-eBL), 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), and sodium nitrophenolate (SN) was beneficial to flower formation, while thidiazuron (TDZ) might have an inhibitory effect. In this study, the treatment T17 (PC 100 mg·L?1 + MC 1306.67 mg·L?1 + SN 4.5 mg·L?1) achieved the best flower formation rate, reaching 88.97%. Additionally, increasing the number of treatments within a certain range did not necessarily improve the flower formation rate. Although the Second crop fruits are smaller in size, they contain higher soluble solids than the primary fruits, along with reduced acidity, resulting in superior overall flavor. This study provides a practical guideline for the maturity regulation cultivation technology of ''Shine Muscat'' grapes. |
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