| 白茹,陈哲,杜贺,李佳昱,朱亮.高温和驱避剂对浆果上黑腹果蝇成虫的交互效应[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(4):156-162 |
| 高温和驱避剂对浆果上黑腹果蝇成虫的交互效应 |
| Interactive effects of high-temperature and repellents on adult Drosophila melanogaster on berries |
| 投稿时间：2025-09-24 修订日期：2025-11-03 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 黑腹果蝇 极端高温 薄荷精油 行为偏好 理化驱避 |
| 英文关键词:Drosophila melanogaster extreme high-temperature Mentha piperita essential oil behavioural preference physical and chemical repellent |
| 基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 果蝇类害虫为害软皮薄皮浆果（如葡萄、蓝莓等）生产造成巨大损失，在全球气候变暖背景下的极端高温事件愈发频繁，果蝇类会在极端高温环境下产生避热行为以保障自身的生存繁衍。薄荷精油虽然可通过嗅觉干扰驱避为害浆果类果实的果蝇类成虫，但是它的驱避效果会受到极端高温的影响。【目的】明确极端高温与驱避剂交互作用对浆果黑腹果蝇的防控效果。【方法】本研究针对黑腹果蝇羽化初期这一关键发育阶段，测定了其对极端高温的敏感性（CTmax, Critical thermal Maximum），对不同浓度驱避剂的敏感性（RC90, Repellency concentration 90），对极端高温及驱避剂交互作用的行为偏好及空间分布响应。【结果】黑腹果蝇 CTmax 为 38.74℃，雌雄果蝇之间没有显著差异；雌雄果蝇对薄荷精油的敏感性 RC90 为 0.15%；行为试验与空间分布试验结果表明极端高温（CTmax）及驱避剂（RC90）交互作用下，对果蝇驱避效果分别能达到 90.17% 及 75.33%，较单独使用驱避剂分别提升了24.54%与9.33%，较单独使用高温分别提升了 16.83% 与 4.00%。【结论】在黑腹果蝇羽化初期结合高温与驱避剂能达到比薄荷精油更好的防治效果，本研究首次评估了高温和有机化学物对果树害虫的联合驱避效果，研究结果旨在为全球气候变化新模式下果树害虫的绿色防控技术提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Drosophila species infest soft-skinned, thin-skinned berries (e.g. grapes, blueberries, etc.) causing significant losses in production, and in the context of global warming extreme heat events are becoming more frequent, and Drosophila species are known to produce heat-avoidance behaviours through extreme temperatures in order to safeguard their own survival and reproduction. Although Mentha piperita essential oil can repel Drosophila species adults that damage berry fruits through olfactory interference, its repellency can be affected by extreme heat. 【Objective】 To clarify the effect of extreme heat interacting with repellents on the control of Drosophila melanogaster in berries.【Method】In this study, we measured the sensitivity of D. melanogaster to extreme heat (CTmax, Critical thermal Maximum), the sensitivity to different repellency concentrations (RC90, Repellency concentration 90), the behavioural preference for the interaction between extreme heat and repellency, and the spatial distribution response to the early stage of plumage, which is a critical developmental stage in D. melanogaster. 【Results】The results showed that the CTmax of D. melanogaster was 38.74℃, and there was no significant difference between males and females; the sensitivity of D. melanogaster to peppermint essential oil (RC90) was 0.15% for both males and females; the results of the behavioural and spatial distribution tests showed that the interaction of extreme high temperature (CTmax) and repellents (RC90) had a repellency effect on the fruit flies up to 90.17% and 75.33%, which were 24.54% and 9.33% higher than that of repellent alone, and 16.83% and 4.00% higher than that of high temperature alone. 【Conclusion】The above results indicated that the combination of high temperature and repellents at the early stage of D. melanogaster plumage could achieve better control effects than peppermint essential oil. This study is the first to evaluate the combined repellent effect of high temperature and organic chemicals on fruit tree pests, and the results are intended to provide a reference for the green control technology of fruit tree pests under the new paradigm of global climate change. |
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