| 胡德玉.不同防寒材料对血橙树体微域环境及品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(4):48-51 |
| 不同防寒材料对血橙树体微域环境及品质的影响 |
| Effects of different cold-protection materials on the micro-environment of blood orange trees and their fruit quality |
| 投稿时间：2025-09-18 修订日期：2025-10-15 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 防寒材料 血橙 树冠 微域环境 果实品质 |
| 英文关键词:Cold-resistant materials Blood orange Canopy Microenvironment Fruit quality |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】在生产中，树冠覆盖是晚熟柑橘树体微域环境调控及冷空气沉降防御的有效方式之一，为此，研究不同防寒材料对血橙树体微域环境及品质的影响，以期为晚熟柑橘留树保鲜安全越冬提供理论依据。【方法】冬季低温来临前，采用透气膜、无纺布、遮阳网等３种防寒材料覆盖血橙树冠，记录树冠覆盖期间冠内的温度、湿度和光照，在果实成熟期，测定果实可食率、出汁率、果皮亮度、红绿色度、黄蓝色度、可溶性固形物（TSS）含量、可滴定酸含量（TA）和维生素C含量等品质指标。【结果】树冠覆盖提高了树冠内日最低气温，增温幅度0.4至1.6 ℃。其中，树冠覆盖透气膜后，树冠内极端低温维持在0 ℃以上，覆盖无纺布和遮阳网后，最低温度虽然在0 ℃以下，但维持的时间未超过1h，极大的减少了冻害发生的概率。防寒处理后，果实可溶性固形物、可滴定酸含量均显著降低，但果实固酸比显著增加，果实风味更好。【结论】综合微环境适配性与果实品质表现，无纺布是本试验条件下最优的柑橘防寒材料，其既能有效避免冻害，又能改善果实风味，适合鲜食柑橘主产区冬季防寒应用。透气膜的温度调控能力最优，且透光率最高，可用于冬季极端低温区域以保证果实安全越冬，同时实现延迟采收。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】 In production, canopy coverage is one of the effective methods for regulating the micro-environment around late-maturing citrus trees and defending against the settlement of cold air. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of different cold-protection materials on the micro-environment around blood orange trees and fruit quality, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the safe overwintering of late-maturing citrus through on-tree preservation. 【Method】 Before the arrival of low temperatures in winter, three types of cold-protection materials—breathable film, non-woven fabric, and sunshade net—were used to cover the canopies of blood orange trees. During the canopy coverage period, the temperature, humidity, and light intensity inside the canopies were recorded. At the fruit maturity stage, quality indicators such as edible rate, juice yield, peel brightness, red-green chromaticity, yellow-blue chromaticity, total soluble solids (TSS) content, titratable acidity (TA) content, and vitamin C content of the fruits were measured. 【Result】 Canopy coverage increased the daily minimum temperature inside the canopies, with a temperature rise range of 0.4 to 1.6 °C. Specifically, after covering the canopies with breathable film, the extreme low temperature inside the canopies remained above 0 °C. After covering with non-woven fabric and sunshade net, although the minimum temperature dropped below 0 °C, it did not last for more than 1 hour, significantly reducing the probability of freeze damage. After cold-protection treatment, both the TSS and TA contents of the fruits decreased significantly, but the ratio of TSS to TA increased significantly, resulting in better fruit flavor. 【Conclusion】Considering both the adaptability of the micro-environment and fruit quality performance, non-woven fabric emerged as the optimal cold-protection material under the experimental conditions. It effectively prevented freeze damage and improved fruit flavor, making it suitable for winter cold protection in major fresh citrus-producing regions. Breathable film demonstrated the best temperature regulation capability and the highest light transmittance, making it suitable for use in regions with extreme low temperatures in winter to ensure safe overwintering of fruits and enable delayed harvesting. |
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