| 贺洁,孟翠丽.高温胁迫对阳光玫瑰叶片的光合生理和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(4):135-141 |
| 高温胁迫对阳光玫瑰叶片的光合生理和叶绿素荧光参数的影响 |
| Effects of High Temperature Stress on the Photosynthetic Physiology and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Sunlight Rose Grapevine Leaves |
| 投稿时间：2025-09-11 修订日期：2025-10-27 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 葡萄 高温胁迫 叶绿素荧光 光合生理 光合作用 |
| 英文关键词:Grapes High temperature stress Chlorophyll fluorescence Photosynthetic physiology Photosynthesis |
| 基金项目:高温胁迫对葡萄叶片光合及荧光参数的影响研究（WHY202410） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘要：【目的】探讨不同高温对阳光玫瑰葡萄光合作用的影响，以及不同时长高温胁迫下阳光玫瑰叶片叶绿素荧光参数和光合生理参数的影响。【方法】以一年生阳光玫瑰的苗木作为试验材料，利用人工气候箱控制温度，采用Li-6800仪器测定光合生理参数和叶绿素荧光特征。【结果】（1）随着高温胁迫时间持续叶绿素含量（SPAD）、净光合速率（Pn）呈现下降的趋势；而蒸腾速率（Tr）、胞间CO2浓度（Ci）、气孔导度（Gs）均呈先上升后下降趋势；（2）随着温度的升高和高温的持续，暗适应下PSⅡ反应中心完全开放时的最大光化学效率Fv/Fm、光适应下PSⅡ最大光化学效率Fv''/Fm''均呈下降趋势，其中，42℃和47℃呈显著下降的趋势；（3）在47℃高温胁迫下短时间内（1-2h）ETR、Y（II）和qP呈上升趋势，2h后下降，NPQ先上下波动在48h后显著下降，说明47℃在短时间内对阳光玫瑰叶片光合系统造成严重伤害。【结论】随着温度的升高（32℃、37℃、42℃、47℃）发现32℃、37℃高温对阳光玫瑰叶片结构和功能的影响非常有限，42℃高温8h内阳光玫瑰通过调节气孔导度和蒸腾速率来缓解高温胁迫，但随着时间的推移调节逐渐失效，对叶片造成生理性代谢损伤；47℃高温胁迫短时就能破坏阳光玫瑰叶片光系统II反应中心及电子传递的结构造成不可逆的严重影响，从而抑制阳光玫瑰葡萄的生长。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract:【Objective】The present study investigates the effects of different high temperatures on photosynthesis in Sunshine Muscat grapes, as well as the impact of varying durations of high-temperature stress on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic physiological parameters in Sunshine Muscat leaves.【Methods】The experimental material comprised one-year-old Sunshine Muscat seedlings. The temperature was regulated using an artificial climate chamber, and measurements were taken of photosynthetic physiological parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics using a Li-6800 instrument.【Results】（1）As the duration of high-temperature stress increased, the chlorophyll content (SPAD) and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) exhibited a decreasing trend. In addition, the transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular CO? concentration (Ci), and stomatal conductance (Gs) all demonstrated an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease.（2）As the temperature rises and exposure to high temperatures is prolonged, both the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) at fully open photosystem II (PSII) reaction centres under dark adaptation and the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv''/Fm'') of PSII under light adaptation demonstrate a downward trend. A decline of considerable magnitude was observed at temperatures of 42°C and 47°C.（3）In the context of heat stress conditions with temperatures below 47°C, the initial increase in ETR, Y(II), and qP was observed within the first one to two hours, followed by a decline. NPQ exhibited fluctuations initially, subsequently decreasing significantly after 48 hours. This finding suggests that a temperature of 47°C results in substantial short-term impairment to the photosynthetic system of Sunshine Rose leaves.【Conclusion】As the temperature increased (32°C, 37°C, 42°C, 47°C), the effects on the sunlight-rose leaf structure and function were found to be minimal at 32°C and 37°C. At a temperature of 42°C, the plant exhibited an adaptive response characterised by the regulation of stomatal conductance and transpiration rate within the initial 8-hour period. However, this regulatory mechanism proved to be ineffective over the course of the experiment, resulting in the onset of physiological metabolic damage. Prolonged exposure to 47°C resulted in irreversible damage to the photosystem II reaction centre and electron transport structures, thereby severely inhibiting growth. At 47°C, the leaves of Sunshine Rose exhibited irreversible damage to the photosystem II reaction centre and electron transport structures due to short-term high-temperature stress, resulting in severe inhibition of grapevine growth. |
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