| 陈菁,杜丽清,邹明宏,刘亚东,王文林,曾辉.不同树龄澳洲坚果树体氮磷钾养分累积特征分析[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(1): |
| 不同树龄澳洲坚果树体氮磷钾养分累积特征分析 |
| The Analysis on NPK Nutrient Accumulation in Different-year-old Macadamia Tree |
| 投稿时间：2025-09-08 修订日期：2025-10-23 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 澳洲坚果 树体 树龄 氮磷钾 累积量 |
| 英文关键词:Macadamia spp. tree body tree age NPK accumulation |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2200704)；广东省科技成果入县达镇促进城乡区域协调发展专项（2025B0202010008） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】为探明不同树龄澳洲坚果树体氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）养分累积特征，为其养分管理提供参考。【方法】以4年生（4a）、8年生（8a）、25年生（25a）澳洲坚果树（品种为H2）为试材，于花序抽生前（1月中下旬），采用个体收获法采集其根、茎、叶样品，将根、茎按大小进行分级，测定其鲜重、干物质含量和N、P、K养分含量，计算各器官和单株N、P、K养分累积量。【结果】1.单株N、P、K累积量随树龄显著增加，4a、8a、25a澳洲坚果单株N累积量分别为： 261.6g、728.5g、2899.7g，P累积量分别为：15.5 g、47.1 g、117.2 g，K累积量分别为170.1 g、480.4 g、1425.1 g，根中N、P、K累积量占全株比例随树龄增加而升高，叶中占比则下降，茎中占比呈先增后降趋势；2. 4a、8a、25a澳洲坚果树体累积N:P:K比例分别为：1：0.059：0.65，1：0.065：0.66，1：0.040：0.49；3.不同树龄澳洲坚果各级根、枝N、P、K累积量分别占全根、茎N、P、K累积量比例存在显著差异。【结论】树龄显著影响澳洲坚果树各器官N、P、K养分的累积量、分配比例及根茎分级结构中养分的分布特征。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】To explore the characteristics of N,P,K nutrient accumulation in different-year-old macadamia trees and provide a basis for macadamia nutrient management.【Method】4-year-old (4a), 8-year-old (8a), and 25-year-old (25a) macadamia trees (cultivar: H2) were used as test materials. In the experiment all root systems, stems, and leaves were collected before inflorescence emergence (mid-to-late January)with individual harvesting method.Roots and stems were classified by size, and their fresh weight, dry matter content, and nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P),and potassium (K) nutrient concentration were determined. The dry matter weight and N, P, K nutrient accumulation amounts were then calculated.【Results】1.The total N accumulation per plant of 4a, 8a, and 25a macadamia trees was 261.6 g, 728.5 g, and 2899.7 g, respectively; the total P accumulation was 15.5 g, 47.1 g, and 117.2 g, respectively; and the total K accumulation was 170.1 g, 480.4 g, and 1425.1 g, respectively. Among them, the proportion of N, P, K nutrient accumulation in roots to the total N, P, K accumulation of the whole tree increased with tree age, while that in leaves decreased with tree age, and that in stems first increased and then decreased.2.The ratio of accumulated N:P:K in 4a, 8a, and 25a macadamia trees were 1:0.06:0.65, 1:0.06:0.66, and 1:0.04:0.49, respectively.3.There were significant differences in the proportion of N, P, K accumulation in different levels of roots and branches of different-year-old macadamia trees-each accounting for the total N, P, and K accumulation in root systems and stems,respectively.【Conclusion】Tree age significantly affects the accumulation amount, distribution ratio of N, P, K nutrients in various organs of macadamia trees, as well as the distribution characteristics of N, P, K nutrients in the roots and stems. |
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