| 李晓媛,肖文斐,汪建荣,来文国,柳爱春,查燕,胡少强,苏宏兴,余红.‘粉玉1号’草莓花芽分化观测及生化物质变化[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(4):185-193 |
| ‘粉玉1号’草莓花芽分化观测及生化物质变化 |
| Observation of Flower Bud Differentiation and Changes in Biochemical Substances in ''Fenyu No.1'' Strawberry |
| 投稿时间：2025-08-29 修订日期：2025-11-15 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: ‘粉玉1号’草莓，花芽分化，石蜡切片，生化物质，内源激素 |
| 英文关键词:‘Fenyu No.1’ strawberry flower bud differentiation paraffin section biochemical substances endogenous hormones |
| 基金项目:杭州市农科院农业科技创新与示范推广“优质广适多抗草莓新品种选育与关键技术研究”(2025HNCT-11)；杭州市科技特派员项目“杭州地区草莓花芽分化调控技术研究与应用”( 20241111t82)；浙江省农作物新品种选育重大科技专项“草莓育种技术与新品种选育”(2021C02066-7-1)。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为揭示‘粉玉 1 号’草莓花芽分化过程及内源物质的变化规律，以该品种为材料，采用石蜡切片技术观察花芽，并测定内源激素、碳水化合物、可溶性蛋白及总氮等含量。结果显示，根据草莓花器官发育特征可将其花芽分化形态建成过程划分为9个时期，即未分化期、分化始期、分化后期、花序分化期、萼片分化期、花瓣形成期、雄蕊形成期、雌蕊形成期及花成形期。随着花芽分化进程，叶片中生长素（IAA）和赤霉素（GA3）先升后降；玉米素核苷（ZR）总体上升，花成形期达最高；脱落酸（ABA）在未分化期和花序分化期较高。碳水化合物中可溶性糖、淀粉在未分化期含量高，分化始期显著下降后回升；总氮（N）分化前较高，进入分化期后下降。C / N及ZR / GA3、ZR / IAA、ABA / IAA比值均逐步升高。推测低水平IAA、GA3和ABA，高水平ZR及增大的C / N有利于花芽分化，相关激素比值升高与分化诱导有关，可促使草莓向生殖生长转变。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To elucidate the dynamics of endogenous substances during flower bud differentiation in ‘Fenyu No.1’ strawberry, paraffin sectioning was employed to observe bud morphology, while endogenous hormones, carbohydrates, soluble proteins, and total nitrogen (N) were measured. The results revealed nine distinct morphological stages based on floral organ development: Undifferentiated Stage, Initial Differentiation Stage, Late Differentiation Stage, Inflorescence Differentiation Stage, Sepal Differentiation Stage, Petal Formation Stage, Stamen Formation Stage, Pistil Formation Stage, and Flower Formation Stage. During differentiation, leaf auxin (IAA) and gibberellin (GA) initially increased then decreased; zeatin riboside (ZR) generally rose, peaking during massive pistil differentiation; abscisic acid (ABA) was higher in the undifferentiated and inflorescence differentiation stages. Carbohydrates (soluble sugars, starch) were elevated in the undifferentiated stage, dropped significantly at initial differentiation, then recovered. Total nitrogen (N) was high before differentiation but declined afterward. Ratios of carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N), ZR/GA, ZR/IAA, and ABA/IAA progressively increased. This suggests that low IAA, GA, and ABA levels, high ZR levels, and an elevated C/N ratio promote flower bud differentiation. The rising hormone ratios correlate with differentiation induction, facilitating the transition to reproductive growth. |
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