| 李乐凡,彭彧骁,冯碧鹭,马锋旺,李翠英.冻胁迫下外源GABA对苹果幼苗的影响[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(6): |
| 冻胁迫下外源GABA对苹果幼苗的影响 |
| Effects of exogenous GABA on Apple Seedlings under Freezing Stress |
| 投稿时间：2025-08-19 修订日期：2025-10-10 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 苹果 GABA 冻胁迫 |
| 英文关键词:Apple γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) Freezing stress |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1600800)和陕西省科技重大专项(2020zdzx03-01-01)资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）在苹果低温胁迫中的应用效果，为提高苹果幼苗耐冻性提供一定的理论依据和数据支撑，本研究以‘蜜脆’苹果幼苗为材料，在实验室前期研究基础上，通过在正常条件（25℃）和冻胁迫（-4℃）下施用50 mM的外源GABA，分析苹果幼苗表型膜伤害、抗氧化酶活性及活性氧、氨基酸、内源激素等物质含量的变化，研究了冻胁迫下外源GABA对苹果幼苗的影响。结果表明：相比冻胁迫，外源GABA处理显著减轻了苹果幼苗萎蔫程度，有效降低了相对电导率和丙二醛含量，减轻了细胞膜损伤；同时，幼苗叶中H2O2、和O2-·含量降低，减轻了冻胁迫下苹果幼苗的活性氧伤害；进一步研究发现，抗氧化酶（CAT、POD、SOD、APX）活性升高，15种氨基酸（Pro、Glu、Leu、Asp、Met、Ala、Val、Tyr、Thr、Ser、Phe、Lys、His、Arg和Gly）和柠檬酸含量升高，可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白积累增加，内源激素（IAA、ABA、JA和SA）含量均显著上升。说明喷施外源GABA可以通过增强抗氧化能力，减少活性氧积累，增强氨基酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白积累，以及提升内源激素水平等来缓解冻胁迫对苹果幼苗的伤害，增强幼苗耐冻性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the application of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the freezing stress of apple and provide the theoretical basis and data support for improving the freezing resistance of apple seedling, the ‘Honey crisp’ apple seedlings were used as the experimental materials in this study. Based on our previous research, the 50 mM exogenous GABA was applied under normal conditions (25℃) and freezing stress (-4℃). The phenotype, membrane damage indexes, antioxidant enzyme activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS), amino acids, and endogenous hormone levels were analyzed to investigate the effects of exogenous GABA on apple seedlings under freezing stress. The results showed that compared with freezing stress, the exogenous GABA treatment significantly reduced the wilting severity of seedlings, effectively lowered the relative electric conduct and malonaldehyde content, and mitigated the cell membrane damage. Simultaneously, the contents of H2O2 and O2-· in leaves decreased, reducing the reactive oxygen species damage in the freezing-stressed seedlings. Further investigation revealed that the exogenous GABA contributed to the increased activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, POD, SOD, and APX), and the elevated contents of fifteen amino acids (Pro, Glu, Leu, Asp, Met, Ala, Val, Tyr, Thr, Ser, Phe, Lys, His, Arg, and Gly) and citric acid. It also led to the increased accumulation of soluble sugars and proteins, and significantly elevated endogenous hormone levels (IAA, ABA, JA, and SA). It is suggested that the spraying exogenous GABA can alleviate the damage of freezing stress on apple seedlings and enhance the freezing resistance of seedlings by enhancing the antioxidant capacity, reducing the ROS accumulation, increasing the accumulation of amino acids, organic acid, soluble sugars and soluble proteins, and improving the endogenous hormone levels. |
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