| 张妍,乔好雨,周凌霄,王朋飞,王佳慧,王立成,李清泉,柳俊明,陈海江,曹洪波.乙烯利用于桃树疏花疏果的效果评价[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(3): |
| 乙烯利用于桃树疏花疏果的效果评价 |
| Evaluation of Ethephon for Flower and Fruit Thinning in Peach Trees |
| 投稿时间：2025-08-04 修订日期：2025-10-16 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20250350 |
| 中文关键词: 桃 乙烯利 疏花疏果 产量 果实品质 |
| 英文关键词:Peach Ethephon Flower and fruit thinning Yield Fruit quality |
| 基金项目:河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（HBCT2024160204） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】筛选乙烯利在桃树疏花疏果中适宜施用时期与浓度。【方法】本研究以‘久红’和‘霞晖6号’桃品种为试材，分别于盛花期和盛花后30 d喷施不同浓度乙烯利，探究其对桃树花果疏除效果、果实空间分布、单果重、产量及果实品质的影响。【结果】盛花期喷施乙烯利可显著降低坐果率，且疏除效果随浓度的升高而增强，其中，‘久红’和‘霞晖6号’100 mg/L处理的坐果率与人工疏果对照（CK）最接近，150 mg/L处理坐果率显著低于其他处理，较CK分别降低23.95%和39.72%；盛花后30 d喷施乙烯利，各处理疏除率均显著高于未疏果处理（BC），但低于CK。果实分布方面，CK果实分布均匀且空枝少，而盛花期150 mg/L处理下部空枝量最大，两品种分别为CK的4.29倍和4.44倍。产量分析表明，两品种盛花期100 mg/L处理与CK无显著差异；果实品质方面，盛花期150 mg/L处理可显著提高两品种的单果重，‘久红’盛花后30 d喷施150 mg/L处理可溶性固形物含量最高，而‘霞晖6号’盛花期则在喷施100 mg/L处理下最高；各处理果实可滴定酸含量均低于CK。【结论】盛花期喷施100 mg/L乙烯利为最优处理，可在保持疏除效果的同时，对产量和果实品质无不利影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objective] To screen out the optimal application period and concentration of ethephon for flower and fruit thinning in peach trees. [Method] In this study, 'Jiuhong' and 'Xiahui 6' peach varieties were used as test materials. Different concentrations of ethephon were sprayed at full bloom and 30 days after full bloom, respectively, to explore their effects on flower and fruit thinning efficacy, spatial distribution of fruits, single fruit weight, yield, and fruit quality of peach trees. [Result] Spraying ethephon at full bloom significantly reduced the fruit set rate, and the thinning effect increased with the increase of ethephon concentration. Among the treatments, the fruit set rates of 'Jiuhong' and 'Xiahui 6' under the 100 mg/L ethephon treatment were the closest to those of the artificial fruit thinning control (CK). The fruit set rates under the 150 mg/L ethephon treatment were significantly lower than those of other treatments, which were 23.95% and 39.72% lower than that of CK for 'Jiuhong' and 'Xiahui 6', respectively. When ethephon was sprayed at 30 days after full bloom, the thinning rate of each ethephon treatment was significantly higher than that of the non-thinning control (BC) but lower than that of CK.In terms of fruit distribution, CK showed uniform fruit distribution with few empty branches. However, the treatment with 150 mg/L ethephon sprayed at full bloom had the largest number of empty branches in the lower part of the tree, which was 4.29 times and 4.44 times that of CK for 'Jiuhong' and 'Xiahui 6', respectively.Yield analysis indicated that there was no significant difference in yield between the 100 mg/L ethephon treatment at full bloom and CK for both varieties. Regarding fruit quality, the 150 mg/L ethephon treatment at full bloom significantly increased the single fruit weight of both varieties. For 'Jiuhong', the treatment with 150 mg/L ethephon sprayed at 30 days after full bloom had the highest soluble solids content; whereas for 'Xiahui 6', the highest soluble solids content was observed in the treatment with 100 mg/L ethephon sprayed at full bloom. In addition, the titratable acid content of fruits in all ethephon treatments was lower than that in CK. [Conclusion] Spraying 100 mg/L ethephon at full bloom is the optimal treatment, as it can maintain a satisfactory thinning effect while having no adverse impacts on yield and fruit quality. |
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