| 高文师,李振,马永翠,陈含,任利卫,张林生,李远波,陈吉,崔珏,周鹏,周庆,张凌英.苹果树萌芽期前短时冰冻胁迫对其生长发育的影响[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(1): |
| 苹果树萌芽期前短时冰冻胁迫对其生长发育的影响 |
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| 投稿时间：2025-07-04 修订日期：2025-09-01 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 红富士苹果树 萌芽期前 低温胁迫 生长发育 |
| 英文关键词: |
| 基金项目:S212240022 云南昭通苹果科技小院，X212240006 昭阳区植保植检站马永翠专家工作站 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究选取昭通红富士苹果树作为实验对象，通过对比试验探讨果树萌芽期前短期低温胁迫（-2℃至-8℃）的耐受性，旨在用短时间的冰冻胁迫处理增强红富士果树对倒春寒伤害的抵抗力。通过测定苹果树枝条芽的萌芽率、叶面积、光合速率、叶形指数、枝条生长速率以及果树和枝条的存活率等生长指标，分析低温胁迫对果树生长的影响。结果表明，处理组果树及其枝条存活率达到100%，对照组果树存活率为97.6%，枝条存活率为98.64%。处理与对照相比，处理组枝条芽的萌发率前期较对照下降4.16%，但后期萌发表现明显优于对照，且叶面积增加793.28 mm2，光合速率提高1.4μmol/m2/s，叶形指数未见显著差异。研究表明，果树在萌芽期前进行短时（15 h ）的低温冰冻（-2℃至-8℃）胁迫，能够提高升果树的抗寒能力，且不影响苹果树的存活率，对果树枝叶生长发育具有积极的促进作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, Zhao tong Red Fuji apple tree was used as the experimental object. The tolerance temperature of fruit trees before germination was-2 °C to-8 °C, and short-term freezing stress treatment was carried out to improve the tolerance of Red Fuji apple trees to the damage of late spring cold. The germination rate, leaf area, photosynthetic rate, leaf shape index, branch elongation rate and survival rate of fruit trees and branches were measured. The results showed that the survival rate of fruit trees and branches was 100 %, which was 4.16 % lower than that of the control treatment, but the leaf area increased by 793.28 mm2, the photosynthetic rate increased by 1.4 μmol / m2 / s, and the difference in leaf shape index was not significant. The results showed that the low temperature stress of-2 °C to-8 °C or even freezing stress for 15 h before the germination stage of fruit trees could improve the cold resistance exercise of fruit trees, did not affect the survival rate of apple trees, and promoted the development of branches and leaves of fruit trees. |
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