| 王振兴,李洁,杨秀佳,高天翔,邓胜兴,孔文斌.重庆市长寿区近10年柑橘叶片营养状况动态分析研究[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(4): |
| 重庆市长寿区近10年柑橘叶片营养状况动态分析研究 |
| A Decade-Long Dynamic Analysis of Citrus Leaf Nutrient Status in Changshou District, Chongqing |
| 投稿时间：2025-06-26 修订日期：2025-07-19 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 长寿区 柑橘 叶片 营养诊断 动态变化 |
| 英文关键词:Changshou District citrus leaf nutrition diagnosis dynamic changes |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 柑橘产量与品质在很大程度上取决于叶片的营养元素状况。为系统掌握长寿区柑橘叶片养分变化趋势，本研究基于2013年至2024年间的长期监测数据，对果园叶片中11种必须营养元素的丰缺情况进行了分析与评价。结果显示，不同年份柑橘叶片营养元素水平存在显著波动。自2020年起，果园中氮素超标问题日趋严重，近年超标比例普遍超过70%；锌缺乏现象则长期普遍存在，绝大多数年份锌不足果园比例高达90%以上。钾元素则呈现由不足向过量转变的趋势，而钙元素则由超标逐步转为不足。镁与硫元素状况波动性较强，个别年份存在明显缺乏或过量现象。微量元素中铁、锰、铜等整体处于适宜水平，但局部年份亦存在偏离。研究结果表明，目前柑橘叶片营养管理中存在氮素过量与微量元素（尤其是锌）缺乏并存的问题，亟需通过叶片营养诊断指导精准施肥。本研究为构建科学的施肥决策体系和提升长寿柑橘栽培品质提供了理论依据和实践参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Citrus production is closely linked to the nutritional status of leaves, which directly affects fruit yield and quality. To explore the long-term nutrient dynamics in citrus orchards, this study conducted a systematic analysis of leaf nutrient levels in the Changshou District over the period from 2013 to 2024. A total of 10 years of monitoring data were collected and analyzed to evaluate the sufficiency, deficiency, or excess of major macro- and micronutrients, including nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and boron (B). Results revealed significant temporal variation in nutrient levels. Nitrogen overaccumulation has become increasingly severe since 2020, with more than 70% of orchards exhibiting excessive N levels in recent years. In contrast, zinc deficiency was persistent and widespread throughout the study period, with over 90% of orchards lacking adequate Zn annually. A shifting trend from potassium deficiency to overaccumulation was observed, while calcium levels declined from excessive to insufficient in later years. Magnesium and sulfur exhibited fluctuating patterns, with occasional deficiencies or excesses. Micronutrients such as Fe, Mn, and Cu were generally at appropriate levels, though localized deviations were noted. These findings underscore the need for targeted nutrient management strategies. Specifically, reducing nitrogen input and enhancing zinc supplementation are critical for achieving balanced citrus nutrition. This study provides a scientific basis for precise fertilization practices and offers guidance for sustainable citrus cultivation in the region |
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