| 杨孟桂,蔡 化,田 瑞,刘模发,叶缘铭,董志丹,马桂芳.不同李品种花粉量及花粉萌发率差异研究[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(1): |
| 不同李品种花粉量及花粉萌发率差异研究 |
| A Study on the Differences in Pollen Quantity and Pollen Germination Rate Among Different Varieties of Plum |
| 投稿时间：2025-06-26 修订日期：2025-11-14 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20250291 |
| 中文关键词: 李 花粉量 花粉萌发率 |
| 英文关键词:Prunus salicina Lindl pollen amount pollen germination rate. |
| 基金项目:湖北省农业科技创新中心项目(2021-620-000-001-01)；湖北省种业高质量发展专项资金(HBZY2023A001-52)；湖北省农业科技重点课题与平台专项(2021-620-005-003) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在离体条件下对84个李品种的花粉量及花粉萌发率进行测定比较，研究花粉量和花粉萌发率在李品种间的差异。结果表明，李花粉量和花粉萌发率品种间差异明显，单个花药花粉量变幅为41.67～2583.33粒，平均花粉量为804.56粒/花药。花粉萌发率变幅为4.30%～69.84%，平均萌发率为30.29%。其中‘巫山脆李’的花粉量最高，‘早青甘’最低；‘美味李’的花粉萌发率最高，‘早甜心’最低。对供试品种的花粉量及萌发率进行平均距离聚类分析，将供试品种分为4个类群，‘上王五月李’、‘芙蓉李’、‘先锋李’等21个品种为花粉量和萌发率均低类群，在生产上不适宜选作为授粉品种。通过花粉量和萌发率测定，筛选出花粉量大萌发率高的品种‘珍珠李’和‘远安六月李’，可为授粉品种的选择提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Under in vitro conditions, the pollen quantity and pollen germination rate of 84 plum varieties were measured and compared to investigate the differences among these varieties. The results showed that there were significant differences in pollen quantity and pollen germination rate among plum varieties. The pollen quantity per anther ranged from 41.67 to 2583.33 grains, with an average of 804.56 grains. The pollen germination rate varied from 4.30% to 69.84%, with an average of 30.29%. Among them, the pollen amount of ‘Wushancuili’was the highest, and that of ‘Zaoqinggan’ was the lowest. The pollen germination rate of ‘Meiweili’ was the highest, and that of ‘Zaotianxin’ was the lowest. The average distance cluster analysis was carried out on the pollen quantity and germination rate of the tested varieties. The tested varieties were divided into 4 groups. The 21 varieties such as ‘Shangwangwuyueli’, ‘Furongli’ and ‘Xianfengli’ were low in pollen quantity and germination rate, which were not suitable for pollination in production. Through the determination of pollen quantity and germination rate, the varieties of ‘Zhenzhuli’ and ‘Yuananliuyueli’ with high pollen quantity and high germination rate were screened out, which could provide reference for the selection of pollination varieties. |
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