| 唐鑫.14份油梨种质叶片解剖结构抗旱特征分析[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(3): |
| 14份油梨种质叶片解剖结构抗旱特征分析 |
| Analysis of Drought Resistance Characteristics Based on Leaf Anatomical Structure in 14 Avocado Germplasms |
| 投稿时间：2025-06-24 修订日期：2025-07-25 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 油梨 叶片解剖结构 抗旱性评价 石蜡切片法 |
| 英文关键词:Persea americana Leaf anatomy Drought resistance evaluation Paraffin sectioning technique |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系广西特色水果产业创新团队（nycytxgxcxtd-2024-17-13）、广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目（2022KY0981） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的】在全球气候变化背景下，干旱问题日益严峻，农作物生长及产量受到严重威胁。油梨（Persea americana）作为广西重要的经济果树，其抗旱性研究对于保障产业稳定发展至关重要。本研究聚焦不同油梨种质的抗旱性差异，为广西地区油梨抗旱品种的选育和推广提供科学依据和参考。【方法】以14份油梨种质的叶片为材料，采用石蜡切片法和指甲油印迹法，对12项叶片解剖结构指标进行测定，结合主成分分析法和系统聚类法综合评价14份油梨种质的抗旱性。【结果】结果表明：供试油梨种质叶片的解剖结构特征指标存在显著差异，对抗旱性贡献较大的解剖结构指标为栅栏组织厚度、叶片总厚度、栅/叶比、下表皮厚度和栅/海比。这些指标的差异在一定程度上反映了不同油梨种质抗旱能力的强弱。【结论】14份油梨种质抗旱性从高到低依次为：Zutano＞Fuerte＞Bacon＞Z+Hass＞Ettinger＞Reed＞缅1＞路拉＞Nabal＞桂垦大2号＞桂垦大3号＞桂研10号＞Hass＞Lamb hass，其中Zutano油梨的抗旱性表现最为突出，同时，研究还发现以Zutano为砧木的嫁接苗同样具有较强的抗旱性，这为油梨抗旱品种的选育和推广提供了新的思路和方向。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objective]Against the backdrop of global climate change, the issue of drought has become increasingly severe, posing a serious threat to the growth and yield of crops. Avocado (Persea americana), as an important economic fruit tree in Guangxi, makes research on its drought resistance crucial for ensuring the stable development of the industry. This study focuses on the differences in drought resistance among different avocado germplasms, aiming to provide scientific basis and references for the breeding and promotion of drought-resistant avocado varieties in Guangxi.[Methods]Using the leaves of 14 avocado germplasms as materials, the paraffin sectioning method and the nail polish imprint method were employed to measure 12 leaf anatomical structure indicators. Then, principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis were combined to comprehensively evaluate the drought resistance of the 14 avocado germplasms. [Results]The results showed that there were significant differences in the anatomical structural characteristics indicators of the leaves of the Persea americana germplasms. The tissue thickness of fencewere, total leaf thickness, tissue structure tightness, lower epidermal thickness and palisade tissue spongy tissue ratio were selected as typical indicators for drought resistance evaluation. The differences in these indicators, to a certain extent, reflected the varying degrees of drought resistance among different avocado germplasms.[Conclusion]The drought resistance of 14 Persea americana germplasm from high to low is as follows: Zutano＞Fuerte＞Bacon＞Z+Hass＞Ettinger＞Reed＞Mian1＞Lula＞Nabal＞Guikenda No.2＞Guikenda No.3＞Guiyan N0.10＞Hass＞Lamb hass. Among them, Zutano exhibits the strongest drought resistance.Additionally, the study found that grafted seedlings with Zutano as the rootstock also demonstrated strong drought resistance, providing new ideas and directions for the breeding and promotion of drought-resistant avocado varieties. |
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