| 王运儒,罗义灿,吴凤,邓有展,邹优君,何青凤,黄玲,韦壮敏,秦玉燕.不同砧木沃柑果实发育过程中酚酸类化合物变化及综合评价[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(3): |
| 不同砧木沃柑果实发育过程中酚酸类化合物变化及综合评价 |
| Changes in phenolic acid contents and comprehensive evaluation of Orah fruit during development on different rootstocks |
| 投稿时间：2025-06-07 修订日期：2025-06-30 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20250264 |
| 中文关键词: 沃柑 砧木 果实 酚酸 综合评价 |
| 英文关键词:Orah Rootstock Fruit Phenolic acids Comprehensive evaluation |
| 基金项目:广西重点研发计划(桂农科AB241484036)；南宁市科技局重大科技专项(20222062)；广西自然科学基金青年科学(2021GXNSFBA196006) ；国家现代农业产业技术体系广西创新团队建设专项 (nycytxgxcxtd-2021-05-03)。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同砧木沃柑在果实发育过程中的酚酸组分及含量变化,并进行综合评价,为不同砧木沃柑果实资源的综合利用及采收期的确定提供理论依据。【方法】以枳壳、香橙、酸橘砧沃柑为研究对象,考察果实在7月至次年4月生长发育过程中果皮和果肉中12种酚酸组分的动态变化规律,并利用主成分分析法进行综合评价。【结果】结果显示,沃柑果实中的酚酸类化合物以阿魏酸为主,咖啡酸、芥子酸、丁香酸、香草酸含量丰富,4-羟基苯甲酸、水杨酸、原儿茶酸、龙胆酸和没食子酸含量较低。不同酚酸类化合物在果实发育过程中的变化规律各异,随着果实发育成熟,阿魏酸、咖啡酸、4-羟基苯甲酸、水杨酸含量呈下降趋势,芥子酸含量呈上升趋势,香草酸含量先升高后下降,没食子酸、丁香酸含量呈波动变化。在果实整个发育期内,枳壳砧果肉在8月的综合评价最高,果皮在10月的综合评价最高；香橙砧果肉和果皮均在8月的综合评价最高；酸橘砧果肉在7月的综合评价最高,果皮在8月的综合评价最高。在果实成熟期内(1~4月),果肉以1月枳壳砧综合评价最高,果皮以1月香橙砧综合评价最高。【结论】基于酚酸综合评价结果确定沃柑果实最佳采收期为：枳壳砧果肉最佳采收期为1月,果皮最佳采收期为1~2月；香橙砧果肉和果皮的最佳采收期为1月；酸橘砧果肉最佳采收期为3月,果皮的最佳采收期为1月。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】This study investigates the changes in phenolic acid composition and content in Orah grafted onto different rootstocks during fruit development and provides a comprehensive evaluation to offer a theoretical basis for the integrated utilization of Orah fruit resources and the determination of optimal harvest periods. 【Method】Orah grafted onto three rootstocks—Poncirus trifoliata Raf., C. junos Sieb. ex Tanaka, and Citrus reticulata Blanco—were selected as the experimental subjects. The dynamic changes in 12 phenolic acid components in both the peel and pulp were monitored from July to April of the following year, and the fruit quality was comprehensively evaluated using principal component analysis. 【Result】The results showed that the phenolic acid profile of Orah was dominated by ferulic acid, with relatively high levels of caffeic acid, sinapic acid, syringic acid, and vanillic acid, while 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, salicylic acid, protocatechuic acid, gentisic acid, and gallic acid were present at lower levels. The change patterns of the individual phenolic acids during fruit development varied: as the fruit matured, the contents of ferulic acid, caffeic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and salicylic acid decreased; sinapic acid increased; vanillic acid first increased then decreased; and gallic acid and syringic acid fluctuated. Throughout the entire development period, the highest comprehensive evaluation was observed in the pulp of Orah on the Poncirus trifoliata Raf. rootstock in August and the peel reached its highest score in October; both the pulp and peel of Orah on the C. junos Sieb. ex Tanaka rootstock achieved the highest scores in August; and for Orah on the Citrus reticulata Blanco rootstock, the pulp peaked in July while the peel peaked in August. During the ripening period (January to April), in the pulp, the highest comprehensive evaluation was observed in January for the Poncirus trifoliata Raf. rootstock, while in the peel, the highest evaluation was recorded in January for the C. junos Sieb. ex Tanaka rootstock. 【Conclusion】Based on the comprehensive evaluation of phenolic acids, the optimal harvest periods for Orah fruits were determined as follows: for Poncirus trifoliata Raf., the pulp is best harvested in January and the peel from January to February; for C. junos Sieb. ex Tanaka, both the pulp and peel are optimal in January; and for Citrus reticulata Blanco, the pulp is optimal in March and the peel in January. |
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