| 梁翡翠,吴代东,龚志宏,覃树涛,李朝能,梁覃,李广丽,韦娜,沈方科.硒肥与PGRs协同优化阳光玫瑰葡萄风味的代谢机制[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(3): |
| 硒肥与PGRs协同优化阳光玫瑰葡萄风味的代谢机制 |
| Metabolic mechanisms underlying the synergistic effects of Selenium and PGRs on flavor profile in shine muscat grape |
| 投稿时间：2025-05-27 修订日期：2025-06-19 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 正交试验 叶面硒肥 二氢茉莉酸丙酯 葡萄品质 挥发性代谢物 |
| 英文关键词:orthogonal experiment foliar selenium fertilizer prohydrojasmon (PDJ) grape quality volatile metabolites |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘要：【目的】探究叶面硒肥、高氮型有机无机叶面肥、芸苔素及二氢茉莉酸丙酯（PDJ）对葡萄可溶性固形物含量与挥发性风味物质的调控效应，优化葡萄品质的关键技术参数。【方法】采用L9(3^4)正交试验设计，设置4因素（叶面硒肥A：10、15、20 mg/L；高氮有机无机结合叶面肥倍数B：600、900、1200倍；芸苔素C：0.02、0.04、0.06 mg/L；二氢茉莉酸丙酯D：50、100、150 mg/L）3水平组合，共9个处理，每处理3次重复。测定果实可溶性固形物含量，采用顶空固相微萃取气质联用分析平台（HS-SPME-GC-MS）对样品进行挥发性代谢组学研究，结合GC-MS分析挥发性代谢物差异，通过VIP≥1且P<0.05筛选差异代谢物，利用log2(FC)与火山图解析代谢物变化规律。【结果】处理1（A1B1C1D1）可溶性固形物含量达19.9%，较对照显著提高6.7%；GC-MS检测到461种挥发性代谢物，处理1与对照间存在25种显著差异代谢物，其中脂质和类脂分子（如橙花醇）上调6种，苯环型化合物（如苯乙烯）下调19种。试验结果表明，叶面硒肥（20 mg/L）与高氮型有机无机叶面肥（稀释600倍）对糖分积累贡献率最高，而二氢茉莉酸丙酯（50 mg/L）通过激活萜类合成通路显著提升果香物质含量。【结论】叶面硒肥（10 mg/L）、果实膨大期与着色期分别喷施稀释600倍高氮有机无机叶面肥、低浓度芸苔素（0.02 mg/L）及二氢茉莉酸丙酯（50 mg/L）的协同处理，可通过增强糖代谢效率、调控苯丙烷-萜类代谢平衡，显著提高葡萄甜度与风味品质。本研究为葡萄优质栽培的精准调控提供了理论依据与技术参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract [Objective] To investigate the regulatory effects of foliar selenium fertilizer, high-nitrogen organic-inorganic foliar fertilizer, brassinolide, and prohydrojasmon (PDJ) on soluble solids content (SSC) and volatile flavor compounds in grapes, and to optimize key technical parameters for improving grape quality. [Methods] An L9(34) orthogonal experimental design was employed, with four factors at three levels each: foliar selenium fertilizer (A: 10, 15, 20 mg/L), dilution ratio of high-nitrogen organic-inorganic foliar fertilizer (B: 600, 900, 1200 times), brassinolide (C: 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 mg/L), and prohydrojasmon (D: 50, 100, 150 mg/L). Nine treatments were established, each with three replicates. Fruit SSC was measured. Volatile metabolomics analysis was performed using headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Differential volatile metabolites were identified based on VIP ≥ 1 and P < 0.05. Metabolic changes were analyzed using log2(FC) and volcano plots. [Results] Treatment 1 (A1B1C1D1) achieved an SSC of 19.9%, representing a significant 6.7% increase compared to the control. GC-MS detected 461 volatile metabolites. Twenty-five significantly differential metabolites were identified between Treatment 1 and the control, with six lipid and lipid-like molecules (e.g., nerol) upregulated and nineteen benzenoids (e.g., styrene) downregulated. The results indicated that foliar selenium fertilizer (20 mg/L) and high-nitrogen organic-inorganic foliar fertilizer (600x dilution) contributed most significantly to sugar accumulation. Prohydrojasmon (50 mg/L) significantly enhanced fruity aroma compounds by activating terpenoid biosynthesis pathways. [Conclusion] The synergistic treatment comprising foliar selenium fertilizer (10 mg/L), high-nitrogen organic-inorganic foliar fertilizer (600x dilution) applied at fruit expansion and coloring stages, low-concentration brassinolide (0.02 mg/L), and prohydrojasmon (50 mg/L) significantly enhanced grape sweetness and flavor quality. This was achieved by improving sugar metabolism efficiency and regulating the balance of phenylpropanoid-terpenoid metabolism. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for precision cultivation management aimed at high-quality grape production. |
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