| 易小艳,刘成琴,赵志平,刘世红,张阳梅.不同催花方法对‘台农16号’菠萝抽蕾及品质影响[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(2): |
| 不同催花方法对‘台农16号’菠萝抽蕾及品质影响 |
|
| 投稿时间：2025-04-29 修订日期：2025-06-03 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 台农16号 菠萝 催花 抽蕾 果颈长 |
| 英文关键词:Tainong No.16 pineapple flower promotion bud extraction fruit neck length |
| 基金项目: |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 17 |
| 全文下载次数: 0 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】为筛选出适宜‘台农16号’菠萝的催花方法。【方法】使用1.5%电石2次、1.5%电石3次、1.5%电石2次+ 40%乙烯利500倍1次、40%乙烯利500倍3次、对照清水的方法灌心处理，统计分析在抽蕾率及果实内外品质的差异。【结果】不同处理均能提高‘台农16号’菠萝的抽蕾率，总抽蕾率高达 99% 以上，且集中抽蕾率均显著高于对照。40%乙烯利500倍3次处理和1.5%电石2次+40%乙烯利500倍1次处理的果实果颈长度分别为19.99mm、22.01mm，显著低于对照清水、1.5%电石2次和1.5%电石3次催花，果型偏圆柱形。40%乙烯利500倍3次和1.5%电石3次处理果实重量分别为1142.64g、1069.30g，均显著高于对照清水。1.5%电石3次处理总酸含量最低0.45%，固酸比和糖酸比最高分别为45.00、40.79。【结论】乙烯利和电石处理均能提高抽蕾率，乙烯利处理 ‘台农16号’菠萝果实商品外观更佳，电石处理的‘台农16号’菠萝果实内在品质更佳，电石和乙烯利结合的处理，即采用1.5%电石2次+40%乙烯利500倍1次处理，抽蕾率高，调整果型和口感，生产上建议使用该催花方法。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract [Objective]This study aimed to identify an effective flower induction method for Tainong No.16 pineapple by evaluating different treatments.[Methods]Five treatments were applied: (1) 1.5% calcium carbide (twice), (2) 1.5% calcium carbide (three times), (3) 1.5% calcium carbide (twice) + 40% ethephon (500× dilution, once), (4) 40% ethephon (500× dilution, three times), and (5) a control (water treatment via heart irrigation). Bud break rate and fruit quality (external and internal) were statistically analyzed.[Results] The different treatments increased the bud break rate of Tainong No.16 pineapple, and the total bud break rate was up to 99%, and the centralized bud break rate was significantly higher than that of the control. Fruit neck length was notably shorter in the ethephon-based treatments (19.99 mm for 40% ethephon ×3 and 22.01 mm for 1.5% calcium carbide ×2 + ethephon ×1) than in the calcium carbide-only or control groups, resulting in a more cylindrical fruit shape. Fruit weight was highest in the 40% ethephon ×3 (1,142.64 g) and 1.5% calcium carbide ×3 (1,069.30 g) treatments, both significantly exceeding the control. The 1.5% calcium carbide ×3 treatment also yielded the lowest total acidity (0.45%) and the highest solid-acid (45.00) and sugar-acid (40.79) ratios.[Conclusion]Both ethylene and calcium carbide treatments enhanced bud break rates in Tainong No.16 pineapple. Ethylene improved fruit appearance, while calcium carbide enhanced internal quality. The combined treatment (1.5% calcium carbide ×2 + 40% ethephon ×1) achieved high bud break efficiency while optimizing fruit shape and taste, making it the recommended method for commercial production. |
| 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
