| 罗金水,曾锦伟,潘永红,林晓兰,蔡金炉.琯溪蜜柚采后保鲜防治黑斑病的药剂筛选[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(5): |
| 琯溪蜜柚采后保鲜防治黑斑病的药剂筛选 |
| Screening of Fungicides for the Control of Black Spot Disease in Postharvest Preservation of Pomelo |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-07 修订日期：2025-08-08 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 琯溪蜜柚 黑斑病 杀菌剂 毒力测定 防治 |
| 英文关键词:pomelo black spot fungicide virulence test control |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】筛选琯溪蜜柚采后保鲜中防治黑斑病的有效药剂。【方法】采用菌丝生长速率法测定了6种保鲜剂对黑斑病菌的毒力，并评估咪鲜胺和抑霉唑的防治效果。【结果】毒力测定显示，除噻菌灵的抑菌效果较差，且呈负相关外，其余5种药剂的抑菌效果均表现较好：咪鲜胺EC50为0.0052 mg?L-1，甲基硫菌灵EC50为0.0102 mg?L-1，抑霉唑EC50为0.2796 mg?L-1，双胍三辛烷基苯磺酸盐EC50为0.9105 mg?L-1，枯草芽孢杆菌EC50为0.2606 亿芽孢?L-1。防效试验表明，0.7500 mg?L-1咪鲜胺、0.6250 mg?L-1抑霉唑和0.5000 mg?L-1抑霉唑3个处理的防效较好：处理7 d后平均防效分别为53.64 %、65.84 %和60.96 %，处理14 d后平均防效分别为56.14 %、70.18 %和63.16 %，对应的病果率和病情指数均显著低于其他处理及对照。【结论】咪鲜胺、甲基硫菌灵、抑霉唑、双胍三辛烷基苯磺酸盐和枯草芽孢杆菌均可作为琯溪蜜柚采后保鲜中防治黑斑病的药剂，而噻菌灵不推荐使用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study aims to screen out effective fungicides for the control of black spot disease in the processing of Guanxi honey pomelo.[Methods] The toxicity of six commonly used preservatives in the processing of Guanxi honey pomelo on the black spot disease fungus were measured by the mycelial growth rate method, and the control efficacy of prochloraz and imazalil were determined. [Results]In the toxicity test, except for thiram, which not only has poor inhibitory effect, but also shows a negative correlation, the other five preservatives show good inhibitory effect, and their toxicity levels are as follows: Prochloraz with an EC50 of 0.0052 mg?L-1, Thiophanate-methyl with an EC50 of 0.0102 mg?L-1, Imazalil with an EC50 of 0.2796 mg?L-1, Iminoctadinetris with an EC50 of 0.9105 mg?L-1, Bacillus subtilis with EC50 of 0.2606 billion spores?L-1. In the efficacy test, the three treatments of 0.7500 mg ? L-1 Prochloraz,0.5625 mg ? L-1 imazalil and 0.4500 mg ? L-1 imazalil show good effects:after 7 day of medication, the average efficacy was 53.64 %,65.84 % and 60.96 %;after 14 day of medication,the average efficacy was 56.14 %,70.18 % and 63.16 %,respetively;The corresponding disease incidence and disease index were significantly lower than other treatments and controls.【Conclusion】Prochloraz,Thiophanate-methyl,Imazalil, Iminoctadinetris, and Bacillus subtilis can be used as fungicide for the control of black spot disease in the preservation of Guanxi honey pomelo,while thiram is not recommended. |
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