| 姚明珠,智文涛,宋雨婷,秧拯民,万玉通,郝晨星,朱亦赤,韩健,曹运琳,马先锋.不同柑橘种质茎段扦插不定根发生的差异分析[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(3): |
| 不同柑橘种质茎段扦插不定根发生的差异分析 |
| Study on Differential Adventitious Root Development Among Citrus Genotypes via Stem Cuttage |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-03 修订日期：2025-05-04 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20250168 |
| 中文关键词: 柑橘 枸橼 不定根 茎段扦插 组织切片 |
| 英文关键词:Citrus Citron (Citrus medica) Adventitious root Stem Cuttage propagation Histological section |
| 基金项目:湖南省自然科学基金(2025JJ60177)；长沙市自然科学基金(kq2402144)；国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1200100)资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 不定根的发生能力是影响柑橘扦插繁殖效率的关键因素之一。为比较不同柑橘种质茎段扦插不定根发生能力,本研究以柑橘半木质化茎段为材料,测定其生根率、愈伤形成率、愈伤处生根率、不定根生成数量及长度等指标,并观察不定根发生的组织结构特征变化。结果表明,在无外源激素条件下,枸橼类种质枸橼C-05生根率达87.5%,平均不定根数量4条,最长根2.5 cm,显著优于柚类、宽皮柑橘类、橙类、金柑和枳(生根率均为0%)。植物组织切片观察表明,相比于未发生不定根的沙田柚,枸橼C-05的茎段愈伤组织形成良好,且底部膨大并成功生根。进一步分析12种枸橼种质间的不定根发生能力,结果显示,除小香橼种质均能发生不定根。其中,佛手、普通枸橼和木里香橼不定根发生能力最高,生根率高达100%；枸橼C-05、矮果香橼、爪哇柠檬次之、生根率为87.5%；南川香橼、长果香橼、生根率为62.5%；园香橼、美国枸橼、元江香橼的生根率相对较低,分别37.5%、25%、25%。；根系生长方面,矮果香橼不定根发生数量最多约8条,普通枸橼不定根长最大为4 cm,平均2.5 cm。相比之下,元江香橼、美国枸橼等种质根长和根数均较弱,差异显著。综上,枸橼类种质不定根发生能力显著优于其他柑橘种质,可为柑橘扦插繁殖及不定根调控机制研究提供理论与材料支持。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Adventitious root formation is a pivotal factor influencing the success of stem cuttage propagation in plants. To evaluate the variation in adventitious rooting capacity among citrus germplasms, this study employed 23 citrus genotypes using semi-lignified stem cuttings inserted into vermiculite under hormone-free conditions. On the 20th day after cuttage, rooting rate, callus formation rate, rooting rate at the callus site, number and length of adventitious roots, as well as the histological characteristics of root formation were assessed. The results showed that Citron C-05 exhibited the highest rooting ability, with a rooting rate of 87.5%, an average of four adventitious roots per cutting, and a maximum root length of 2.5 cm. This performance was significantly superior to that of other citrus genotypes, including pomelo, mandarin, sweet orange, kumquat, and Poncirus trifoliata, which exhibited no rooting. Histological analysis of resin-embedded sections from the adventitious root formation zone revealed that, in contrast to the non-rooting 'Shatian' pomelo, Citron C-05 developed well-formed callus tissue with basal swelling, thereby facilitating root emergence. Further evaluation of 12 citron genotypes showed that all except Small Citron were capable of adventitious root formation. The highest rooting ability was observed in Fingered Citron, Common Citron and Muli Citron (100% rooting rate), followed by Citron C-05, Aiguo Citron and Corsican Citron (87.5%), while moderate rooting rates (62.5%) were exhibited by Nanchuan Citron, and Changguo Citron. In contrast, Round Citron, American Citron, and Yuanjiang Citron exhibited relatively weak rooting performance, with rates of 37.5%, 25%, and 25%, respectively. The strongest root system was observed in Aiguo Citron, with an average of eight adventitious roots per cutting, while Common Citron produced the longest roots, reaching up to 4 cm. In conclusion, citron genotypes demonstrated significantly higher adventitious rooting capacity than other citrus types, providing valuable germplasm resources for cuttage propagation and further studies on adventitious root formation mechanisms . |
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