| 杨添雁,蒙真铖,赵自爱,只佳增,邓成菊,张建春.油梨叶片炭疽病病原菌Colletotrichum endophyticum的分离与鉴定[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(4):117-123 |
| 油梨叶片炭疽病病原菌Colletotrichum endophyticum的分离与鉴定 |
| Isolation and Identification of Colletotrichum Endophytium, the Pathogen of Anthrax on Avocado Leaves |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-26 修订日期：2025-05-09 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 油梨叶片 炭疽病 炭疽菌 形态学 基因串联分析 |
| 英文关键词:Avocado leaves Anthrax Colletotrichum Corda Morphology gene linkage analysis |
| 基金项目:技术创新人才培养对象项目张建春（202205AD160038），云南省红河热带农业科学研究所青年人才成长基金项目（HHS2024006） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】明确引起云南省红河热带农业科学研究所油梨种质资源圃油梨叶片炭疽病的炭疽菌种属，为进一步致病机制的研究及科学防控提供理论依据。【方法】采用组织分离法和挑取单一菌丝体的方法分离纯化油梨炭疽病病叶的病原菌，通过柯赫氏法则进行致病性检测，结合形态学与分子生物学的方法鉴定病原菌的种属。【结果】从12份病样中共分离纯化出10株真菌（MZ01-MZ10）。通过菌落形态特征及ITS序列分析初步判断菌株MZ03、MZ09为炭疽菌属（Colletotrichum Corda）。进一步进行致病性检测确定菌株MZ03、MZ09为引起油梨叶片炭疽病的致病菌。观察两株病原菌的形态特征，菌株MZ03呈白色棉絮状，气生菌丝发达，分生孢子堆呈橘黄色；菌株MZ09呈白色针丝状，气生菌丝较菌株MZ03更为发达，分生孢子堆为橘色。两菌株菌丝均有隔膜，生长速率呈极显著差异（P<0.01）；分生孢子均呈透明的圆柱形，其长宽比呈极显著差异（P<0.01）。通过PCR扩增测序进行ITS、ACT、TUB2、CHS-1、GAPDH五基因序列串联建树，结果显示菌株MZ03、MZ09与Colletotrichum endophyticum MFLUCC 13-0418聚成一支，自展值为100%。【结论】引起云南省红河热带农业科学研究所油梨种质资源圃油梨叶片炭疽病的病原菌为C. endophyticum，是国内油梨叶片炭疽病病原菌的新纪录种。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】 To clarify the genus of anthracnose strains that cause anthracnose in avocado leaves in the avocado germplasm resource nursery of Honghe Tropical Agricultural Science Research Institute in Yunnan Province, and provide theoretical basis for further research on pathogenic mechanisms and scientific prevention and control.【Methods】 The pathogenic bacteria of avocado anthracnose leaf were isolated and purified using tissue isolation and single mycelium selection methods. Pathogenicity testing was performed using Koch''s rule, and the species of the pathogen was identified by combining morphological and molecular biology methods.【Results】 A total of 10 fungal strains (MZ01-MZ10) were isolated and purified from 12 disease samples. Preliminary identification of strains MZ03 and MZ09 as Colletotrichum Corda based on colony morphology and ITS sequence analysis. Further pathogenicity testing confirmed that strains MZ03 and MZ09 are the Pathogenic fungi causing anthracnose in avocado leaves. The morphological characteristics of the two pathogens were observed, strain MZ03 appears white cotton, aerial hyphae, the conidiomata was orange yellow; strain MZ09 appears white needle filament, with more developed aerial hyphae than strain MZ03, the conidiomata was orange. The mycelium of both strains had septa and extremely significantly different growth rate (P<0.01); the conidium were transparent cylindrical and the rate of length and width of conidium showed extremely significant differences(P<0.01).The sequences of ITS, ACT, TUB2, CHS-1, and GAPDH genes were amplified by PCR, and the phylogenetic tree results showed that strains MZ03, MZ09 and Colletotrichum endophyticum MFLUCC 13-0418 formed together with a bootstrap values of 100%.【Conclusion】 The Pathogenic fungi causing anthracnose in avocado leaves in the avocado germplasm resource nursery of Honghe Tropical Agricultural Science Research Institute in Yunnan Province is Colletotrichum endophyticum, which is a newly recorded species of pathogenic fungus causing anthracnose in avocado leaves in China. |
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