| 陈露,李复炜,田兵,任春光.贵州李子褐腐病病原菌鉴定及生防菌筛选[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(3): |
| 贵州李子褐腐病病原菌鉴定及生防菌筛选 |
| Identification of the Pathogen Causing Brown Rot in Plums and Screening of Biocontrol Bacteria |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-20 修订日期：2025-05-23 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 美澳型核果褐腐菌 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 内生细菌 |
| 英文关键词:Monilinia fucricola Bacillus velezensis Plum endophytic bacteria |
| 基金项目:贵州省农业农村厅项目：贵州省农业生态与资源保护产业技术体系（合同编号：GZSTCYJSTX2025—01） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】明确导致贵州省遵义市李子褐腐病病原菌，并筛选出对病原菌有生防活性的内生细菌，为李子褐腐病诊断及生物防治提供理论依据。【方法】对贵州遵义市播州区感病褐腐病的李子果实进行分离纯化、致病性验证，通过形态学和分子生物学对致病菌进行鉴定。采用稀释涂布法分离健康李子内生细菌，平板对峙法筛选出抑菌活性高的生防菌株。综合形态学特征和分子生物学对致病菌和拮抗菌株进行鉴定。【结果】从贵州遵义市播州区李子褐腐病病果上分离出5株真菌，其中菌株编号为MA-1可导致明显的果腐病症状，将其鉴定为美澳型核果褐腐菌（Monilinia fucricola）。采用稀释涂布法分离获得22株内生细菌，通过平板对峙初筛和复筛，筛选出4株具有显著抑菌活性，其生防菌株LM-E50、MHT-G13、MHT-E1、MHT-E4对美澳型核果褐腐菌的菌丝生长抑制率分别为75.98%、83.48%、78.70%、81.74%。通过形态学和16S rRNA基因系统发育树分析，该4株生防菌均被鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌（Bacillus velezensis）。【结论】贵州省遵义播州区李子褐腐病的病原菌为美澳型核果褐腐菌（M. fucricola），并筛选到4株具有显著的抑菌效果，可为李子褐腐病的生物防控提供理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract: 【Objective】To identify the pathogen causing brown rot of plums in Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, and to screen endophytic bacteria with biocontrol activity against the pathogen, providing a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and biological control of plum brown rot.
【Method】Isolating and purifying the plums infected with brown rot disease in Bozhou District, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, verifying their pathogenicity, and identifying the pathogens through morphological and molecular biology methods. The dilution coating method was employed to isolate endophytic bacteria from healthy plums, and the plate confrontation method was utilized to screen out biocontrol strains exhibiting high antibacterial activity. The pathogenic bacteria and antagonistic strains were identified based on their comprehensive morphological and molecular biological characteristics。
【Result】 Five fungal strains were isolated from brown rot-infected plums in Bozhou District, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province. The strain numbered MA-1, which induced pronounced fruit rot symptoms, was identified as Monilinia fructicola。Using the dilution plating method, 22 endophytic bacteria were isolated. Through initial screening and rescreening with the plate confrontation method, 4 strains with significant antibacterial activity were selected. The biocontrol strains LM-E50, MHT-G13, MHT-E1, and MHT-E4 inhibited the growth of pathogenic fungal hyphae with inhibition rates of 75.98%, 83.48%, 78.70%, and 81.74%, respectively.Through morphological analysis and 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic tree analysis, all 4 biocontrol strains were identified as Bacillus velezensis.【Conclusion】The pathogen causing brown rot of plums in Zunyi District, Guizhou Province is M. fucricola, and 4 strains with significant antibacterial effects have been screened, which can provide a theoretical basis for the biological control of brown rot in plums. |
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