| 马文尧,王晓祥,侯睿宁,任爱华,张毓,董坤.“梨×苹果”不同杂交组合后代生长动态分析[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(5): |
| “梨×苹果”不同杂交组合后代生长动态分析 |
| Seeding Growth and Development Dynamics of Different Combinations of ‘Pear×Apple’Distant Hybridization |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-18 修订日期：2025-05-01 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20250138 |
| 中文关键词: 梨×苹果 远缘杂交 实生苗 动态 |
| 英文关键词:Pear×Apple Distant Hybridization Seedling Growth |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目（CARS28）寒地特色果树产业关键技术研究与应用示范（2022YFD1600500） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究“梨×苹果”不同远缘杂交组合播种成苗情况及实生苗生长发育动态，本研究以梨品系‘79-1’、品系‘1273’和苹果品种“寒富”“富士”“秦脆”“岳华”“铃铛”“海红”为试材，分别设计梨品系‘79-1’与苹果杂交组合6个（相同母本）；梨品系‘79-1’、品系‘1273’（不同母本）与相同父本（混合花粉）杂交组合2个，以播种后的实生苗为研究对象，分析不同组合实生苗成苗情况、生长高度差异、基径茎粗差异及实生苗生长发育动态。结果表明：远缘杂交母本对实生苗特征特性的影响远远大于父本；“混合花粉”与单一花粉授粉相比可提高播种成苗率；适宜的远缘杂交组合获得少量种子播种后可以获得与常规杂交近似比率的实生苗；远缘杂交组合实生苗生长表现为S形生长曲线，多数组合实生苗生长高度、基径茎粗低于对照常规杂交组合，但也有少数例外。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the seedling establishment and growth dynamics of seedlings from distant hybrid crosses of different combinations of pears × apples, taking the pear strain ‘79-1’, the strain ‘1273’ and the apple varieties ‘Hanfu’ ‘Fushi’ ‘Qincui’ ‘yuehua’ ‘Lingdang’ and ‘Haihong’ as the test materials, six combinations of pear strain '79-1' and apple were designed to be crossed (same female parent). Two pear cultivars, cultivar ‘79-1’, cultivar ‘1273’ (different female parent) and the same paternal parent (mixed pollen) combination. Using the seedlings after sowing as the research object, the seedling formation, growth height difference, stem diameter difference and growth and development dynamics of different combinations of seedlings were studied. The results showed that the influence of the distantly related hybrid female parent on the characteristics of the seedlings was much greater than that of the male parent. Compared with single pollen pollination, mixed pollen can improve the seedling formation rate. A suitable combination of distant hybrids obtained a small number of seeds, and after sowing, the seedlings with a similar ratio to the conventional hybrids could be obtained. The growth of seedlings of distant hybrid combinations showed S-shaped growth curves, and the growth height and basal diameter and stem diameter of most of the combined seedlings were lower than those of the conventional hybrid combinations, but there were a few exceptions. |
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