| 郑 放,徐胡彬,焦 晨,陈香玲,汪建国,陈瑞,李红叶.防治柑橘白癞病的杀菌剂室内和田间筛选[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(4): |
| 防治柑橘白癞病的杀菌剂室内和田间筛选 |
| In vitro and field screening of fungicides for the control of white scaled blotch of citrus fruits |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-17 修订日期：2025-04-16 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 柑橘白癞病 防治药剂 室内筛选 田间筛选 相对防治效果 |
| 英文关键词:citrus, white scaled blotch chemical control, in vitro screening, field screening, relative control effect |
| 基金项目:国家柑橘产业技术体系(CARS-26)；浙江省重点研发计划(2019C02022)；2024年浙江省果品产业技术项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 柑橘白癞病(white scaled blotch)是近年来新发现的,由平脐疣孢菌(Zasmidium spp.)引起的重要柑橘真菌性病害。发病后通常在果实表面形成整片灰白色痂皮状斑块,严重降低果实的外观品质和市场价值,造成较大的经济损失。然而,目前尚缺乏有效的防控技术,亟需筛选出高效的防治药剂。本研究采用菌丝段涂板法和菌丝生长抑制法测定了3个致病平脐疣孢菌对26种常见真菌杀菌剂的敏感性,并在露地和大棚条件下评价氟啶胺、代森锰锌等其他几种药剂的防治效果。结果表明,在所有供试药剂中,氟啶胺和代森锰锌在离体条件下对各菌株的抑制作用最为显著；50%氟啶胺SC 1500倍液在露地,80%代森锰锌WP400-600倍液无论在露地和大棚果园中都表现出十分显著的防治效果,是白癞病防治的首选杀菌剂。70%丙森锌WP600倍液、70%代森联WG 1000倍液和80%克菌丹 SC1000倍液在大棚防治试验中表现良好,也适合用于白癞病的防治。此外,研究发现在80%代森锰锌WP600倍液中中添加0.3-0.5%的矿物油能够有效提高代森锰锌的防治效果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| White scaled blotch, caused by several species of Zasmidium, is a newly emerged fungal disease of citrus. Infected fruit develops a gray-white blotches on its surface, which severely reduce fruit’s cosmetic quality and marketability, resulting in significant economic losses. Currently, no effective control measures are available, highlighting the urgent need to screen the fungicides that are effective to control this disease. In this study the sensitivities of three pathogenic Zasmidium species to 26 widely used fungicides were assessed in vitro by using the method of the mycelial growth inhibition. The orchard control efficacies of several fungicides were further tested under field and greenhouse conditions. Results revealed that fluopicolide and mancozeb showed the strongest inhibitory effects on the strains under in vitro conditions. 50% fluazinamide SC 1500 times performed highly effective control in open field trials, 80% mancozeb WP400-600 times showed very significant control effect in both open field and greenhouse orchard, making them the preferred choices for controlling white scaled blotch. 70% propinezin WP600, 70% methane WG 1000 and 80% captan SC1000 times performed well in greenhouse control test and were also suitable for control of white scaled blotch. In addition, the study found that adding 0.3-0.5% mineral oil to 80% mancozeb WP600 times could effectively improve the control effect of mancozeb in the field. |
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