| 廖旺姣,邹东霞,钟雅婷,罗辑,赵程劼,李军集.广西大果山楂裂皮病病原鉴定及室内药剂筛选[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(1): |
| 广西大果山楂裂皮病病原鉴定及室内药剂筛选 |
| Pathogen identification and laboratory drug screening of Bark Cracking of Malus doumeri in Guangxi |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-17 修订日期：2025-05-06 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20250132 |
| 中文关键词: 大果山楂 裂皮病 病原菌鉴定 毒力测定 |
| 英文关键词:Malus doumeri cracked bark pathogen identification virulence test |
| 基金项目:中央财政林业科技推广示范项目([2022]TG19) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】明确大果山楂裂皮病病原菌和筛选适合防治裂皮病的药剂,为生产上裂皮病的防治提供理论依据。【方法】采用组织块分离法获得菌株,通过柯赫氏法验证菌株致病性,依据形态特征和病原菌核糖体内转录间隔区(ITS)和翻译延长因子(EF1-α)多基因分子系统学分析结果确定病原菌分类地位。采用菌丝生长速率法测定10种杀菌剂对其室内毒力。【结果】结果表明,从大果山楂裂皮病分离获得的菌株有致病性,形态学特征结合病原菌多基因系统发育分析,确定大果山楂裂皮病菌为可可毛色二孢菌Lasiodiplodia theobromae；供试杀菌剂对L. theobromae具有不同程度的抑制作用。其中以50%甲基硫菌灵毒力最强, 40%苯甲?吡唑醚菌酯、50%苯甲?丙环唑、50%丙环唑和3%多抗霉素次之, 25%吡唑醚菌酯毒力最差。【结论】可可毛色二孢菌是广西大果山楂裂皮病的病原菌,这是首次L. theobromae在大果山楂上引起病害的报道；40%甲基硫菌灵、40%苯甲?吡唑醚菌酯、50%苯甲?丙环唑、50%丙环唑和3%多抗霉素对L. theobromae菌丝生长抑制效果较好,可在林间进一步开展药效试验。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】To elucidate the pathogenic associated with cracked bark of Malus doumeri and identify appropriate antimicrobial agents for its prevention and control, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for managing this condition.【Method】The strain was isolated using the tissue block separation method. Its pathogenicity was confirmed through Koch"s postulates, and the pathogen was identified based on morphological characteristics as well as phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and translation elongation factor (EF1-α) sequences. The efficacy of ten commonly used fungicides on pathogenic of cracked bark of Malus doumeri was evaluated using the mycelial growth rate method.【Result】The results demonstrated that the strain exhibited pathogenicity. Through a combination of morphological characterization and polyphyletic phylogenetic analysis, the pathogen was identified as Lasiodiplodia theobromae. The tested fungicides exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory effects on Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Specifically, 50% methylthiophanate showed the highest toxicity, followed by 40% difenoconazole ? pyraclostrobin, 50% difenoconazole ? propiconazole, 50% propiconazole, and 3% polyoxin. In contrast, 25% pyraclostrobin exhibited the lowest toxicity.【Conclusion】 Lasiodiplodia theobromae was identified as a pathogen affecting Malus doumeri in Guangxi. Notably, This represents the inaugural report of Lasiodiplodia theobromae inducing disease in Malus. Compounds including methyl 50%methylthiophanate, 40% difenoconazole ? pyraclostrobin, 50% difenoconazole ? propiconazole, 50% propiconazole, and 3% polyoxin exhibit significant inhibitory effects on mycelial growth of Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Further efficacy testing of these compounds in forest environments is warranted. |
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