| 田青兰,周俊妞,刘洁云,黄伟华,牟海飞,张英俊,谢文连,韦广谭,吴艳艳.高温对4个西番莲品种光合特性的影响[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(3): |
| 高温对4个西番莲品种光合特性的影响 |
| Effect of high temperature on photosynthetic characteristics of four passion fruit varieties |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-25 修订日期：2025-04-17 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 西番莲 高温 光合特性 |
| 英文关键词:passion fruit high temperature photosynthetic characteristics |
| 基金项目:基金项目：广西科技重大专项（桂科AA22068091）；广西自然科学基金( 2023GXNSFAA026301)；国家自然科学基金（32260740，32060660）；广西农业科学院基本科研业务费专项（桂农科2024YP070，桂农科2021YT089）；广西浦北百香果试验站（桂TS2022010）；广西科技创新联盟科技先锋队“强农富民”“六个一”专项行动项目（桂农科盟202504-05）资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】明确高温对不同西番莲品种光合特性的影响，为西番莲夏季高产栽培和品种应用提供参考。【方法】本研究以‘夏纪’、‘壮蜜05’、‘冬荟蜜’、‘台农1号’4个西番莲品种为试验材料，研究了高温和自然对照处理下的叶片气体交换参数、叶片二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶（Rubisco）等光合相关酶活性和叶绿素含量差异。【结果】和自然对照相比，高温显著降低了西番莲上午10点的净光合速率和气孔导度、叶片的乙醇酸氧化酶（GOX）、果糖-1,6-二磷酸酯酶（FBP）和Rubisco活性以及叶绿素a含量，分别较对照低13.91 %、11.67 %、10.02 %、10.00 %、29.49 %和10.64 %，高温显著增加了叶片焦磷酸：果糖-6-磷酸-1-磷酸转移酶（PFP）活性，较对照高86.54 %。品种间光合特性存在显著差异，高温处理和对照的‘冬荟蜜’在12：00、17：30的净光合速率和10：00、12：00的气孔导度、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度均最低，叶片PFP活性较低，且其叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总含量最低，说明‘冬荟蜜’在高温下的光合能力较弱。高温和对照处理下‘夏纪’在12：00高温时段具有较高的净光合速率和蒸腾速率，同时具有较高的GOX活性、叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总含量，说明‘夏纪’在高温胁迫下的光合能力较强。‘壮蜜05’在高温处理下具有较高的Rubisco活性和叶绿素含量，‘台农1号’在17：30弱光时段仍有较高的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度，说明其对弱光的利用率较高。应用主成分分析法对4个西番莲品种的耐热性进行综合评价排序为‘夏纪’＞‘台农1号’、‘壮蜜05’＞‘冬荟蜜’。【结论】高温限制了西番莲植株的光合作用，‘夏纪’、‘台农1号’和‘壮蜜05’在高温胁迫下的光合能力和耐热性均强于‘冬荟蜜’。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】To clarify the effects of high temperature on the photosynthetic characteristics of different passion fruit varieties, thereby providing a reference for high-yield summer cultivation and variety application of passion fruit.【Methods】This study utilized four passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) varieties including 'Xiaji', 'Zhuangmi 05', 'Donghuimi', and 'Tainong No. 1' as experimental materials to examine the differences in leaf gas exchange parameters, the activity of photosynthesis-related enzymes such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), and chlorophyll content under high temperature and natural control conditions. 【Results】Compared to the natural control, high temperature significantly reduced the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance at 10: 00, as well as the activities of glycolate oxidase (GOX), fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP), and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), along with the chlorophyll a content in passion fruit leaves. These decreases were 13.91%, 11.67%, 10.02%, 10.00%, 29.49%, and 10.64% lower than the control, respectively. Conversely, high temperature significantly increased the activity of pyrophosphate:fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP) in the leaves, which was 86.54% higher than the control. In addition, significant differences in photosynthetic characteristics were observed among the varieties. Under both high temperature and control conditions, ‘Donghuimi’ exhibited the lowest net photosynthetic rates at 12:00 and 17:30, as well as the lowest stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and intercellular CO2 concentration at 10:00 and 12:00. Additionally, ‘Donghuimi’ showed lower activity of pyrophosphate:fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP) and the lowest levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content, indicating weaker photosynthetic capacity under high temperature. In contrast, ‘Xiaji’ demonstrated higher net photosynthetic rates and transpiration rates during the high-temperature period at 12:00 under both high temperature and control conditions. It also exhibited displayed higher activities of glycolate oxidase (GOX), and higher levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content. Furthermore, suggesting stronger photosynthetic capacity under high-temperature stress. ‘Zhuangmi 05’ exhibited higher ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) activity and chlorophyll content under high-temperature stress. During the low light period at 17:30, ‘Tainong No.1’ still had high net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance, indicating its high utilization efficiency of low light. The heat tolerance of the four passion fruit varieties was comprehensively evaluated and ranked using principal component analysis (PCA) as follows: ‘Xiaji’ > ‘Tainong No. 1’, ‘Zhuangmi 05’ > ‘Donghuimi’. 【Conclusion】High temperature limits the photosynthesis of passion fruit plants. The photosynthetic capacity and heat tolerance of ‘Xiaji’, ‘Tainong No.1’, and ‘Zhuangmi 05’ under high temperature stress is stronger than that of ‘Donghuimi’. |
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