| 付燕.枇杷小种子植株果实外观性状遗传多样性分析[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(4):130-134 |
| 枇杷小种子植株果实外观性状遗传多样性分析 |
| Genetic Diversity Analysis of Fruit Appearance Traits of Small Seed Plants in Loquat |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-20 修订日期：2025-04-30 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 枇杷 小种子 果实性状 遗传多样性 主成分分析 |
| 英文关键词:Loquat Small seed Fruit character Genetic diversity Principal component analysis |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 8 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以24份枇杷小种子植株自然授粉的果实为研究试材，调查其果实外观性状，并分析其果实性状的遗传性多样性，评价枇杷小种子植株的育种潜质，以期为枇杷的种质资源创新及遗传育种提供基础依据。结果表明，24份优良单株枇杷的果实在数量性状和质量性状上具有较丰富的遗传多样性，在质量性状中果基 (H’=0.984)、条斑 (H’=0.998)、果肉质地 (H’=0.998) 等性状的多样性指数在0.984~0.998之间；数量性状中单果重 (H’=0.972)、果实纵径 (H’=0.993)、萼片宽度 (H’=0.972) 等多样性指数在0.972~0.993之间，多样性指数高，遗传多样性丰富；各性状的变异幅度大，质量性状的变异系数在5.66 % ~ 42.03 %，数量性状的变异系数在3.85 % ~ 37.69 %。主成分分析表明，4个主成分主要体现了果实大小、果实可食率、果形性状和萼片特征。参试的24份枇杷优良单株拥有良好的育种潜质，可以为培育枇杷的优良品种提供丰富的育种材料。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, to evaluate the breeding potential of small seed plants, and in order to provide basis for innovation of germplasm resources and genetic breeding of loquat, it was investigated that the appearance characters of the fruit from natural pollination of 24 small seed plants, on this basis, it was analyzed that the genetic diversity of the fruit characters. The results showed that the fruits of 24 small seed plants tested had abundant genetic diversity in quantitative and qualitative traits. It was between 0.984 and 0.998 that the diversity index of fruit base (H’=0.984), stripe (H’=0.998) and flesh texture (H’=0.998) and others qualitative?traits. Among the quantitative traits, the diversity index of single fruit weight (H’=0.972), fruit longitudinal diameter (H’=0.993) and sepals width (H’=0.972) were between 0.972 and 0.993, with high diversity index and rich genetic diversity. In addition, the variation range of each character was large, the variation coefficient of quality character was 5.66 % ~ 42.03 %, and the variation coefficient of quantity character was 3.85 % ~ 37.69 %. The principal component analysis revealed that the four principal components primarily accounted for variations in fruit size, edible proportion of the fruit, fruit shape, and sepal characteristics.This indicated that the 24 small seed plants tested of loquat had good breeding potential and could provide rich breeding materials for the cultivation of the excellent loquat varieties. |
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