| 孙萍,吴嘉颀,林贤锐,卢犇轶,陈辰斐,王轶,朱建锡,贾惠娟,郑伟,沈建生.施用茶籽饼肥对桃园土壤中微生物群落的影响[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(2): |
| 施用茶籽饼肥对桃园土壤中微生物群落的影响 |
| Effect of Application of Tea Seed Meal on Microbial Community Diversity in Peach Orchard Soil |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-13 修订日期：2025-02-18 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20250058 |
| 中文关键词: 茶籽饼 微生物多样性 高通量测序 细菌群落 真菌群落 |
| 英文关键词:Tea seed meal Microbial diversity High-throughput sequencing Bacterial community Fungal community |
| 基金项目:浙江省市级农科院联盟区域示范性项目(2022SJLM14)资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】探明施用不同用量的茶籽饼对桃园土壤微生物群落和桃品质的影响，以期为茶籽饼在农业生产上的应用提供新思路。【方法】以不同施用量（1.25、2.50、3.75、5.00 kg 株-1）的茶籽饼（TSM）作为基肥，以复合肥料加尿素（CFU）为对照，150天后取土样，利用高通量测序技术对土壤微生物进行检测，分析不同处理对土壤微生物群落结构和组成的影响。同时测定桃叶片叶绿素含量、单果重和可溶性固形物（TSS）。【结果】与对照相比，施用1.25、2.50、3.75 kg 株-1TSM显著降低了桃园土壤细菌群落Chao1指数。2.50 kg 株-1TSM处理的细菌和真菌群落Shannon指数显著高于CFU处理。细菌和真菌的β-多样性分析显示，5个处理组之间存在显著的结构差异。与CFU相比，TSM处理显著降低了潜在的有害细菌（Acidicaldus、Sphingomonas、Candidatus Koribacter和Candidatus Solibacter）和真菌（Fusarium）的相对丰度，显著提高了潜在的有益真菌（Trechispora、Sagenomella、Penicillium、Leucoagaricus和Chlorophyllum）的相对丰度。2.50、3.75 kg 株-1TSM能显著提高桃叶片叶绿素含量、果实单果重和TSS。【结论】生产上可利用2.50 kg 株-1茶籽饼作为基肥，以此来改善土壤微生物群落结构，降低有害微生物的相对丰度，提高有益真菌的相对丰度，提高桃果实品质。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】 To investigate the effects of applying compound fertilizer plus urea and different doses of tea seed meal on soil microbial communities in peach orchards and peach quality , with a view to providing new ideas for the application of tea seed meal in agricultural production. 【Method】 Compound fertilizer plus urea (CFU) and different doses (1.25, 2.50, 3.75 and 5.00 kg) of tea seed meal (TSM) were used as basal fertilizer, and soil samples were taken after 150 days to detect soil bacteria and fungi by using high-throughput sequencing to analyze the effects of different treatments on the structure and composition of soil microbial communities. Peach leaf chlorophyll content, single fruit weight and soluble solids (TSS) were also determined【Result】 Application of 1.25, 2.50 and 3.75 kg of TSM significantly reduced the Chao1 index of the soil bacterial community in peach orchards compared to CFU. The Shannon index of the bacterial and fungal communities was significantly higher in the 2.50 kg TSM treatment than in the CFU treatment. Beta-diversity analysis of bacteria and fungi showed significant structural differences among the five treatment groups. The TSM treatment significantly reduced the relative abundance of potentially harmful bacteria (Acidicaldus, Sphingomonas, Candidatus Koribacter and Candidatus Solibacter) and fungi (Fusarium) compared to the CFU. The relative abundance of potentially beneficial fungi (Trechispora, Sagenomella, Penicillium, Leucoagaricus, and Chlorophyllum) was significantly increased. 2.50 and 3.75 kg TSM significantly increased peach leaf chlorophyll content and fruit weight per fruit and TSS content.【Conclusion】 In production, 2.50 kg of rapeseed cake can be used as a base fertilizer as a way to improve the structure of the soil microbial community, reduce the relative abundance of harmful microorganisms, increase the relative abundance of beneficial fungi, and improve the quality of peach fruits. |
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