| 孙建城,杨波,马创举,王登亮,汪晨,汪丽霞,毕旭灿,刘春荣.生草对大棚“红美人”柑桔园微环境及果实生产的影响[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(2): |
| 生草对大棚“红美人”柑桔园微环境及果实生产的影响 |
| Effect of sod-culture on orchard microenvironment and fruit production of Hongmeiren citrus in greenhouse |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-12 修订日期：2025-03-26 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: “红美人”柑桔 生草 微环境 高温胁迫 产量 品质 |
| 英文关键词:Hongmeiren citrus sod-culture microenvironment high temperature stress yield quality |
| 基金项目:衢州市水果新品种选育与栽培科技创新团队（QWRCB202118）；浙江省果品产业技术项目（ZNKF202409）；浙江省“十四五”柑橘育种专项（2021C02066-1-4） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究生草对大棚设施栽培“红美人”柑桔的综合效果，以清耕为对照，全园自然生草和种植百喜草，研究不同生草方式对“红美人”柑桔园土壤理化性质、土壤温湿度、空气温湿度、树体高温胁迫、果实产量品质及效益的影响。结果表明，自然生草和种百喜草可以在大棚内越冬，翌年无需再播种，长势好、生物量大。与清耕相比，自然生草和种百喜草1年刈割2次并进行覆盖，连续实施5年后显著提高了土壤有机质含量、电导率和总孔隙度，提升了土壤pH值；显著降低了7~8月高温期的地表温度、根际温度及树冠内气温，提高了土壤湿度和冠层内湿度，蚯蚓较多、害虫天敌的种类和数量显著增加。自然生草和种百喜草的商品果率分别比清耕提高22.9%、21.8%，显著提升了每667 m2产量、商品果产量和纯利润。生草栽培显著降低了叶片黄化和果实日灼，改善了果实品质，提高了果实可溶性固形物、固酸比和风味指数，显著降低了果实总酸含量。从种植成本、改善环境、提升产量品质和效益等方面综合看，自然生草更适合作为大棚设施栽培“红美人”柑橘园的土壤管理方式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the comprehensive effect of sod-culture on greenhouse cultivation of Hongmeiren citrus, the effects of different grass planting on soil physicochemical properties, soil temperature and humidity, air temperature and humidity, tree high temperature stress, fruit yield and quality, and efficiency were studied by natural grass and planting of Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) in orchard, with clean tillage as the control. The results showed that natural grass and Bahia grass could survive the winter in the greenhouse, and no need to sow in the next year, with good growth and large biomass. Compared with clean tillage, the soil organic matter content, electrical conductivity, total porosity and soil pH value were significantly increased by natural grass and Bahia grass with cutting twice a year and covered 5 years.It significantly reduced the surface temperature, rhizosphere temperature and canopy temperature during the high temperature period from July to August, increased soil moisture and canopy humidity, and increased the number of earthworms and the species and number of natural enemies of pests by sod-culture. The commodity fruit rate was significantly increased by 22.9% and 21.8% of natural grass and Bahia grass, and significantly increased the yield per 667 m2, commodity fruit yield and pure profit.The leaf yellowing and fruit sunburn were significantly decreased by sod-cultur. Sod-cultur could improve fruit quality, fruit soluble solids, solid-acid ratio and flavor index, significantly reduce fruit total acid content.Overall considered the aspects of planting cost, improving environment, improving yield, quality and benefit, natural grass was more suitable for soil management on greenhouse cultivation of Hongmeiren citrus. |
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