| 席海源,闫昊,张明丽.抗寒榛子“GZ1号”的选育[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(3): |
| 抗寒榛子“GZ1号”的选育 |
| Screening of Cold-resistant Hazelnut "GZ1" |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-26 修订日期：2025-03-19 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 平欧大果榛 GZ1号 越冬 早果丰产 抗寒性 |
| 英文关键词:pingou large-fruit hazelnut GZ1 overwintering early fruiting high yield cold resistance |
| 基金项目:特色坚果榛子抗旱优质丰产新品种选育项目资助(YZGC033), |
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| 摘要点击次数: 664 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| “GZ1号”是平欧大果榛“辽榛7号”的株变，树体健壮，长势中庸，树姿开张，5a生树可培养为丰产树形，株高达2.8m，冠径为2.5m。具有抗寒性强，在海拔高达1550m的山地越冬1a生枝不抽条，雄花不干枯，可正常开放。坚果圆锥形，单果均重2.7g，最大果重3.8g，壳厚为1.38mm，果面黄褐色，光洁，果仁乳白色，出仁率45%，果味香甜可口，含丰富营养成分，脂肪含量58.45%，蛋白含量21.16%，可溶性糖含量0.77%，淀粉含量8.28％，水分含量5.26%，并含有Ca、Zn等微量元素及Ve等维生素。雌雄同株，异花授粉，花芽先叶芽萌动开放，花期较长，雌花期为12-14d，雄花期为10-12d，早果丰产，栽植第3a均可挂果，一序多果，4果为主，第5a进入盛果期，亩产150kg以上。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| "GZ1" is a strain mutation of the Ping'ou large-fruited hazelnut "Liaozhen 7". The tree is robust, with a moderate growth vigor and an open tree posture. A 5-year-old tree can be cultivated into a high-yield tree shape, with a plant height of 2.8m and a crown diameter of 2.5m. It has strong stress resistance. The one-year-old branches do not wither and the male flowers do not dry out when overwintering in mountainous areas at an altitude of up to 1550m, and they can bloom normally. The nuts are conical, with an average single fruit weight of 2.7g, and the maximum fruit weight is 3.8g. The shell thickness is 1.38mm. The fruit surface is yellowish-brown, smooth and clean. The nut kernel is milky white, and the kernel extraction rate is 45%. The fruit tastes sweet and delicious, and is rich in nutrients, with a fat content of 58.45%, a protein content of 21.16%, a soluble sugar content of 0.77%, a starch content of 8.28%, a water content of 5.26%, and contains trace elements such as Ca and Zn, as well as vitamins such as VE. It is monoecious with cross-pollination. The flower buds germinate and bloom earlier than the leaf buds, and the flowering period is relatively long. The female flowering period is 12-14 days, and the male flowering period is 10-12 days. It bears fruit early and has high yields. It can bear fruit in the third year after planting. There are multiple fruits in one inflorescence, mainly 4 fruits. It enters the full fruiting period in the fifth year, with a yield per mu of more than 150kg. |
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