| 翁中瑞,李飞莉,杨成坤,王晓雯,朱文灿,周开兵,邓勤,钱敏杰.疏花处理对两个红毛丹品种坐果及果实成熟的影响[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(3): |
| 疏花处理对两个红毛丹品种坐果及果实成熟的影响 |
| Effect of flower thinning on fruit setting and fruit ripening of two rambutan cultivars |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-09 修订日期：2025-03-26 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20250013 |
| 中文关键词: 红毛丹 疏花 坐果 果实成熟 |
| 英文关键词:Rambutan Flower thinning Fruit setting Fruit ripening |
| 基金项目:保亭黎族苗族自治县重点研发计划（BTZDYF2023003） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 145 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 红毛丹是一种极具特色的热带水果，具有很高的经济价值，是海南保亭地区农业的重要组成部分。红毛丹生产上存在落花落果较为严重的情况，亟需探索相应的栽培技术。本研究以‘保研6号’与‘保研7号’两个保亭主栽的红毛丹品种为试材，在盛花期分别疏去花穗主轴全长的1/3（T1处理）或2/3（T2处理），未疏花为对照组（CK），通过测定对照和处理下红毛丹果实坐果数、果实纵横径、果形指数、单果重、色差值、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量和固酸比等指标，综合评价疏花处理对红毛丹坐果及果实成熟的影响。结果显示，与CK相比，两种疏花处理下的两个红毛丹品种的坐果数在坐果后30 d、80 d和120 d均显著上升，果实纵横径在坐果后80 d和120 d显著高于CK。坐果后120 d时，T1处理的‘保研6号’果形指数为1.09，显著高于T2处理和CK；且两种疏花处理对果实单果重均无显著影响，但显著提高了果皮a*值。此外，坐果后120 d时T1和T2处理下的‘保研6号’果实可溶性固形物含量相比于CK分别提高了7.27%和11.05%，固酸比值分别提高了23.82 %和25.09%，均达到显著水平；T1处理的‘保研7号’红毛丹果实可溶性固形物含量相比于CK显著提高了9.85%。因此，疏花处理能显著提高红毛丹果实的坐果率，提升单株产量并促进果实生长及成熟，有重要的潜在应用价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Rambutan is a very characteristic tropical fruit with high economic value and is an important part of agriculture in Baoting area of Hainan Province. During the production of rambutan, there is a serious situation of flowers and fruits drop, so it is urgent to explore the corresponding cultivation technology. In this study, two cultivars of rambutan, ""Baoyan No. 6"" and ""Baoyan No. 7"", were used as experimental materials, and 1/3 (regarded as T1) or 2/3 (regarded as T2) part of the whole length of the inflorescence were thinned at the full bloom period, respectively, and un-thinned inflorescence was regarded as control. Rambutan fruit set number, fruit diameter, fruit shape index, fruit weight, color-related parameters, soluble solid content, organic acid content and solidity-acid ratio were measured for control and treated samples. The results showed that compared with the control, the number of set fruit of the two cultivars of rambutan under two thinning treatments was significantly increased at 30, 80 and 120 days after fruit setting (DAFS), and the longitudinal and transverse diameters of the fruit were also significantly increased by thinning treatments at 80 and 120 DAFS. At 120 DAFS, the fruit shape index of ""Baoyan No. 6"" under T1 treatment was 1.09, which was significantly higher than that of T2 treatment and control. There was no significant effect on single fruit weight by two treatments, while the a* value of pericarp was significantly increased by thinning treatment. In addition, at 120 DAFS, the soluble solid content of ""Baoyan No. 6"" fruit under T1 and T2 treatments was increased by 7.27% and 11.05%, and the solid acid ratio was increased by 23.82% and 25.09%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of the control. Compared with control fruit, the soluble solid content of ""Baoyan No.7"" rambutan fruit under T1treatment was significantly increased by 9.85%. Therefore, the flower thinning treatment can significantly promote the fruit setting rate, increase the yield and promote the growth and ripening of fruit, which has important potential application value. |
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