| 仲伟敏.20个猕猴桃栽培品种在贵州乌蒙山区的引种表现[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(2): |
| 20个猕猴桃栽培品种在贵州乌蒙山区的引种表现 |
| The introduction performance of 20 kiwifruit cultivation varieties in the Wumeng Mountain area of Guizhou |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-09 修订日期：2025-03-06 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 猕猴桃 物候期 果实品质 引种表现 |
| 英文关键词:Kiwi Phenological phase Fruit quality Introduction performance |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFD160171001）；国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-26)，贵州省科技支撑计划项目 （黔科合支撑[2024]一般115号），黔科合重大专项字[2024]026。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为筛选出适宜贵州乌蒙地区气候和综合性状优良的猕猴桃品种供生产中推广应用，引进中猕2号、翠香等20个猕猴桃栽培品种，从物候期、树体生长、果实品质等方面进行综合评价。结果表明：（1）20个品种在试验区内均能完成整个生育周期，能正常结实；7个软枣猕猴桃品种的果实成熟时间最早，其次是红阳及其余品种果实成熟时间在8月下旬后陆续成熟；（2）供试品种表现自身植物学特征，美味猕猴桃中猕2号、徐香、汉美、香绿和米良1号，及毛华猕猴桃早旭和华特的树体生长势表现健壮且适应性强；（3）供试品种的果实外观和内在品质表现存在差异，中猕2号、翠香、金桃、天源红和龙城2号的可溶性固形物含量高达16.5%以上，风味酸甜，早旭和华特果形指数和Vc含量最高，果肉细腻。（4）采用主成分分析法对参试猕猴桃果实的性状指标进行综合评价，综合得分排在前5位的品种为软枣猕猴桃天源红、仲夏红、龙城2号、‘红肉优系’和毛华猕猴桃早旭。根据主成分分析进行综合评分并考虑品种结构配置，初步筛选出中猕2号、翠香、红阳和金桃在贵州乌蒙山区地区表现优异，而软枣猕猴桃天源红、‘L-15-10’和毛花猕猴桃早旭适宜作为特色品种，以满足猕猴桃产业对品种多样性的需求。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to select kiwifruit varieties suitable for the climate and comprehensive traits in Wumeng area of Guizhou for promotion and application in production, 20 excellent kiwifruit varieties including 'Zhongmi No. 2' and 'Cuixiang' were introduced. Comprehensive evaluations were conducted from aspects such as phenological period, tree growth, and fruit quality. The results indicated that: (1) 20 varieties could complete the entire growth cycle in the test area, and could produce fruit normally, with small inter-annual differences, the fruit maturity time of 7 Actinidia arguta varieties was the earliest, followed by 'Hongyang' and the remaining varieties, which gradually matured after late August; (2) The tested varieties exhibited their own botanical characteristics, with 'Zhongmi No. 2', 'Xuxiang', 'Hanmei', 'Xianglv', and 'Miliang No. 1' of Actinidia chinensis, as well as 'Zaoxu' and 'Huate' of Actinidia eriantha showing robust growth and strong adaptability; (3) There were differences in the appearance and intrinsic quality of the fruits of the tested varieties, with 'Zhongmi No. 2', 'Cuixiang', 'Jintao', 'Tianyuanhong', and 'Longcheng No. 2' having a soluble solid content of over 16.5%, with a sweet and sour flavor, while 'Zaoxu' and 'Huate' had the highest fruit shape index and Vc content, with tender flesh; (4) Principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the trait indicators of the tested kiwifruit fruits, and the varieties ranked in the top 5 based on the comprehensive scores were 'Tianyuanhong', 'Zhongxiahong', 'Longcheng No. 2', 'Hongrouyouxi', and 'Zaoxu' of Actinidia eriantha. Based on the comprehensive scoring from the principal component analysis and considering the variety structure configuration, 'Zhongmi No. 2', 'Cuixiang', 'Hongyang', and 'Jintao' were preliminarily screened out as performing excellently in the Wumeng mountainous area of Guizhou, while Tianyuanhong of Actinidia arguta, 'L-15-10', and 'Zaoxu' of Actinidia eriantha were suitable as characteristic varieties to meet the demand for variety diversity in the kiwifruit industry. |
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