| 廖胜才,王策,马娟,宋放,宋晓琴,李丽萍,马监生,陈云龙,白圣杰,王志静,蒋迎春,何利刚,吴黎明.低温冰冻天气对秭归伦晚脐橙果实采前枯水的影响[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(4): |
| 低温冰冻天气对秭归伦晚脐橙果实采前枯水的影响 |
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| 投稿时间：2025-01-06 修订日期：2025-02-14 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 低温 伦晚脐橙 采前枯水 品质分析 栽培措施 |
| 英文关键词:Low temperature Lane Late navel orange Preharvest section-drying Quality analysis Cultivation measures |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD2300605）；中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目（鄂[2024]TG 37号）;湖北省乡村振兴科技示范项目（2024EBA005）；湖北省农业科技创新中心资助项目（2024-620-000-001-023） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 伦晚脐橙是秭归种植的晚熟脐橙主栽品种，生产过程中果实需要留树越冬，受冬季低温的影响较大。2024年1月底和2月初，湖北柑橘产区遭遇了极端低温冰冻雨雪天气危害，对柑橘尤其是晚熟柑橘造成了较大影响。为了解低温冰冻天气对秭归伦晚脐橙果实枯水情况，于2024年3-4月，调查了不同海拔、不同果实大小、不同砧木、不同栽培措施下伦晚脐橙果实枯水程度和枯水比率，结果表明，在三峡库区随海拔升高枯水比率呈显著上升趋势，开花期和新梢生长期果实枯水率较高；不同果实大小枯水率存在差异，中果（75 mm≤d＜90 mm）、小果（60 mm≤d＜75 mm）枯水率显著小于大果（d≥90 mm）；采取覆膜等防冻措施在一定程度上可以减轻枯水的发生，但需要注意及时揭膜；红桔砧木伦晚脐橙的枯水率和枯水指数均明显高于枳壳砧木伦晚脐橙。本研究为科学制定生产措施提供了理论支撑和实践指导。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Lane Late navel orange is the main variety of late maturing navel orange planted in Zigui. During the production process, the fruit needs to be left for winter, which is greatly affected by low temperature in winter. At the end of January and the beginning of February 2024, Hubei citrus producing areas suffered from extreme low temperature freezing rain and snow, which had a great impact on citrus, especially late maturing citrus. In order to understand the effect of low temperature freezing weather on the section-drying of Zigui Lane Late navel orange fruit, the section-drying degree and section-drying ratio of Zigui Lane Late navel orange fruit under different altitudes, different fruit sizes, different rootstocks and different cultivation measures were investigated from March to April 2024. The results showed that the section-drying ratio increased significantly with the increase of altitude in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. The section-drying rate of fruit was higher at flowering stage and shoot growth stage. The section-drying rate of medium fruit (75 mm≤d＜90 mm) and small fruit (60 mm≤d＜75 mm) was significantly lower than that of large fruit (d≥90 mm). Taking anti-freezing measures such as film covering can reduce the occurrence of dry water to a certain extent, but it is necessary to pay attention to timely uncovering the film; The section-drying yield and section-drying index of red tangerine rootstock Lane Late navel orange were significantly higher than those of trifoliate orange. This study provides theoretical support and practical guidance for scientific formulation of production measures. |
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