| 王文波,姚艳丽,李川玲,贺军军,付琼,杨迎秋,林淑平,张秀梅.采前高温胁迫对菠萝生理特性及果实品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(2): |
| 采前高温胁迫对菠萝生理特性及果实品质的影响 |
| Effects of preharvest high temperature stress on the plants physiological characteristics and fruit quality of pineapple |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-08 修订日期：2025-02-17 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20240602 |
| 中文关键词: 菠萝 高温胁迫 水心病 生理特性 果实品质 |
| 英文关键词:Pineapple Heat stress Watercore disease Physiological characteristics Fruit quality. |
| 基金项目:热带作物生物育种全国重点实验室科研项目（No. NKLTCBCXTD18）；2024年度促进经济高质量发展专项资金项目（No. 2310024000049）；广东省优稀水果产业技术体系（No.2024CXTD09）；中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费（No. 1630062024007）；海南省优稀水果产业技术体系菠萝品种培育与栽培岗位(No.HNARS06) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采前高温是影响菠萝品质的重要环境因素，分析采前高温胁迫对菠萝生理特性及品质的影响，对提高菠萝品质具有重要意义。本研究以菠萝主栽品种‘巴厘’为试验材料，测定采前高温（40℃）胁迫下菠萝相关生理指标及水心病的发病率和病情指数，探讨采前高温胁迫对菠萝果实品质的影响。结果表明，采前高温处理菠萝叶片SOD活性和CAT活性显著提高，POD酶活性显著下降，SOD活性于胁迫7d时活性最高，比对照提高2.77%；CAT活性于胁迫7d时达到峰值，比对照组高73.10%；POD活性胁迫5d时降至最低，比对照下降36.67%。丙二醛（MDA）含量随高温处理时间的延长而显著增加。高温胁迫条件下，菠萝叶片可溶性蛋白质含量显著降低，于胁迫5d降至最低，较对照降低1.57%。脯氨酸含量随高温胁迫时间延长显著提高，胁迫7d时含量最高，比对照提高22.30%。菠萝采前高温胁迫对果实外观品质影响较小，但明显降低了果实内在品质。可溶性糖含量较对照组下降10.47%，可滴定酸含量较对照组显著提高，维生素C含量与对照组相比无明显差异。采前高温处理显著提高水心病的发病率，病情指数比对照组显著提高84.50%。相关分析表明，SOD、POD、CAT活性和MDA与果实品质指标呈显著相关性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Pre-harvest high temperature is an important environmental factor affecting the quality of pineapples. Analyzing the impact of pre-harvest high-temperature stress on the physiological characteristics and quality of pineapples is of great significance for improving the quality of pineapples. This study used the main cultivated variety 'Bali' as the experimental material to measure the physiological indicators and the incidence and disease index of watercore disease under pre-harvest high-temperature(40℃) stress, and to explore the impact of pre-harvest high-temperature stress on the quality of pineapple fruits. The results showed that pre-harvest high-temperature treatment significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in pineapple leaves, while peroxidase (POD) enzyme activity significantly decreased. SOD activity was highest after 7 days of stress, increasing by 2.77% compared to the control; CAT activity reached its peak after 7 days of stress, being 73.10% higher than the control; POD activity decreased to its lowest point after 5 days of stress, decreasing by 36.67% compared to the control. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly increased with the extension of high-temperature treatment time. Under high-temperature stress conditions, the content of soluble proteins in pineapple leaves significantly decreased, reaching the lowest point after 5 days of stress, which was 1.57% lower than the control. The content of proline significantly increased with the extension of high-temperature stress time, with the highest content after 7 days of stress, increasing by 22.30% compared to the control. Pre-harvest high-temperature stress had a small impact on the external quality of the fruit but significantly reduced the internal quality. The content of soluble sugars decreased by 10.47% compared to the control, the content of titrable acids significantly increased compared to the control, and the content of vitamin C showed no significant difference compared to the control. Pre-harvest high-temperature treatment significantly increased the incidence rate of watercore disease, and the disease index was significantly increased by 84.50% compared to the control group. Correlation analysis indicated that the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, and MDA content were significantly correlated with fruit quality indicators. |
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