| 蔡海金,林艳坤,肖华,程新年,安烁宇,李新国..海南果园杂草种类及特征分析[J].中国南方果树,2026,55(2): |
| 海南果园杂草种类及特征分析 |
| Analysis of Weed Species and Characteristics in Hainan Orchards |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-04 修订日期：2025-02-16 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20240594 |
| 中文关键词: 草种调查 海南地区 杂草种类 优势草种 生草栽培 |
| 英文关键词:Grass species survey Hainan region Weed species Dominant grass species Grass cultivation |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 10 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】本研究旨在筛选出在海南果园生草中表现综合优良的草种，为我国热带果园草种的选择提供参考依据。【方法】采用五点取样法，于2023年11月至12月对海南省的澄迈县、琼中县和临高县的蜜柚（Honey pomelo）园及海口市的百香果（Passiflora edulis）园调查杂草种类及多度分析，且对相对多度大于5%杂草的株高和根长进行测量。【结果】结果表明，海南果园共61种杂草，隶属21个科、53个属，其中禾本科和菊科的种类相对较多，分别占总数的29.51%和24.59%，霍香蓟（Ageratum conyzoides）、龙葵（Solanum nigrum）、荩草（Arthraxon hispidus）、地毯草（Axonopus compressus）、马唐（Digitaria sanguinalis）、夜香牛（Cyanthillium cinereum）和竹节草（Chrysopogon aciculatus）这7种杂草的相对多度超过10%，狗牙根（Cynodon dactylon）、酢浆草（Oxalis corniculate）、荷莲豆草（Drymaria cordata）牛筋草（Eleusine indica）和皱子鸟足菜（Cleome rutidosperma）等14种杂草相对多度在5%～10%之间，占总种数22.95%，且相对多度大于5%的地毯草、狗牙根、酢浆草和荷莲豆草等均表现出较矮的株高和较短的根长特征。【结论】综合调查结果，筛选出地毯草、狗牙根、酢浆草和荷莲豆草可作为热带果园生草栽培的草种。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】This study aims to screen out grass species with excellent comprehensive performance for orchard sward establishment in Hainan, providing a reference for the selection of grass species in tropical orchards in China.【Method】The five - point sampling method was adopted to investigate the weed species and abundance in honey pomelo orchards in Chengmai County, Qiongzhong County, and Lingao County, and passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) orchards in Haikou City, Hainan Province from November to December 2023. The plant height and root length of weeds with a relative abundance greater than 5% were measured.【Results】The results showed that there were 61 weed species in Hainan orchards, belonging to 21 families and 53 genera. Among them, the number of species of Gramineae and Compositae was relatively large, accounting for 29.51% and 24.59% of the total, respectively. The relative abundances of seven weed species, namely Ageratum conyzoides, Solanum nigrum, Arthraxon hispidus, Axonopus compressus, Digitaria sanguinalis, Cyanthillium cinereum and Chrysopogon aciculatus, exceeded 10%. Fourteen weed species, such as Cynodon dactylon, Oxalis corniculate, Drymaria cordata, Eleusine indica and Cleome rutidosperma, had relative abundances between 5% and 10%, accounting for 22.95% of the total number of species. A compressus, C dactylon, O corniculate, D cordata, and other weeds with a relative abundance greater than 5% exhibited characteristics of shorter plant height and root length.【Conclusion】Based on the comprehensive survey results, A compressus, C dactylon, O corniculate, and D cordata were selected as grass species suitable for sward establishment in tropical orchards. |
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