| 吴明月,曹向敏,尹豪杰,缪绸雨,唐嘉怡,李大志,盛玲,金燕.不同种类柑橘种质落果药用功能成分比较[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(4): |
| 不同种类柑橘种质落果药用功能成分比较 |
| Comparison of Medicinal Functional Components in Fallen Fruits Among Different Citrus Germplasms |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-25 修订日期：2024-12-26 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 生理落果 总黄酮 总酚 药用成分 相关性分析 聚类分析 |
| 英文关键词:physiological fallen fruit total flavonoids total phenols medicinal components correlation analysis cluster analysis |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究不同柑橘种质落果果实的药用功能成分，高效利用柑橘落果种质，收集了14份柑橘种质（酸橙1份、橘类2份、柑类3份、甜橙类和柚类各4份）的落果，对其总黄酮、总酚、8种药用功能成分含量进行了检测。并对不同指标进行相关性分析，以及基于功能成分指标等对不同柑橘种质落果进行了聚类分析。结果表明，不同类别柑橘种质落果或同一类别不同种质落果间的功能成分种类和含量差异显著。其中，柚类中菊花芯柚总黄酮和总酚含量整体最高，优于酸橙汉森2号；甜橙类种质总黄酮和总酚含量整体较低。酸橙汉森2号落果中以新橙皮苷、欧前胡素、柠檬苦素、芦丁和橙皮苷为主，含量均较高；而柚类菊花芯柚落果中功能成分以柚皮苷、欧前胡素和异欧前胡素为主，含量均较高。此外，沃柑落果中的芦丁、红心柚落果中的芸香柚皮苷、尖叶莽山野橘落果中的橙皮苷以及沙田柚落果中的柠檬苦素含量在所有种质中最高。相关性分析表明果实大小（单果重、纵横径）与异欧前胡素和柠檬苦素含量显著正相关，而总黄酮与总酚含量之间，以及二者与柚皮苷、欧前胡素、异欧前胡素和柠檬苦素含量均显著正相关。聚类分析表明14种柑橘种质落果根据功能成分指标等聚为5类，4个柚种质、汉森2号、早蜜椪柑和沃柑分别聚为4类，其余种质聚为1类。研究结果为将具有特定健康益处的落果成分应用于功能性食品的开发提供了科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the medicinal functional components in fallen fruits of different citrus germplasms and efficiently utilize these resources, fallen fruits from 14 citrus germplasms (including 1 sour orange, 2 mandarins, 3 tangerines, 4 sweet oranges, and 4 pummelos) were collected. The content of total flavonoids, total phenols, and 8 medicinal functional components were analyzed. Correlation analysis was conducted on different indicators, and cluster analysis was performed on different citrus germplasm fallen fruits based on functional component indicators. The results showed significant differences in the types and contents of functional components among fallen fruits from different citrus categories or different germplasms within the same category. Among them, Juhuaxin pummelo had the highest overall content of total flavonoids and total phenols, surpassing Hansen No. 2 sour orange, while sweet orange germplasms showed relatively low overall content of total flavonoids and total phenols. Hansen No. 2 sour orange fallen fruits were rich in neohesperidin, imperatorin, limonin, rutin, and hesperidin, while Juhuaxin pummelo fallen fruits were mainly characterized by high contents of naringin, imperatorin, and isoimperatorin. Additionally, the highest contents of specific compounds among these germplasms were found in different varieties: rutin in Orah mandarin, naringin in Hongxin pomelo, hesperidin in sharp-leaf Mangshan wild mandarin, and limonin in Shatian pummelo. Correlation analysis revealed that fruit size (single fruit weight, longitudinal and transverse diameter) was significantly positively correlated with isoimperatorin and limonin content. Total flavonoids and total phenols showed significant positive correlations with each other, as well as with the contents of naringin, imperatorin, isoimperatorin, and limonin. Cluster analysis grouped the 14 citrus germplasm fallen fruits into 5 clusters based on functional component indicators: 4 pummelo germplasms, Hansen No. 2, Zaomi Ponkan, and Orah mandarin were grouped into 4 separate clusters, while the remaining germplasms formed one cluster. This research provides scientific basis for developing functional foods using specific health-beneficial components from citrus fallen fruits. |
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