| 张淑康,陈泉,杨婧,段振刚,石美琳,孙雅楠.柑橘疫霉褐腐病病原菌生长特性及24种杀菌剂的室内毒力测定[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(6): |
| 柑橘疫霉褐腐病病原菌生长特性及24种杀菌剂的室内毒力测定 |
| Growth characteristic of Phytophthora citrophthora and laboratory virulence determination of 24 fungicides |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-02 修订日期：2024-10-21 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20240450 |
| 中文关键词: 柑橘疫霉褐腐病 柑橘褐腐疫霉 生长特性 毒力测定 药剂筛选 |
| 英文关键词:Citrus brown rot Phytophthora citrophthora Biological characteristics Virulence test Drug screening |
| 基金项目:重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目（KJ202301289858551）、重庆三峡农业科学院青年人才项目(Sxnykxy2019001)、重庆市万州区科研项目（wzstc-20230201） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| [目的]探究柑橘疫霉褐腐病病原菌生长特性及有效药剂筛选，对防控柑橘疫霉褐腐病（Citrus brown rot）的发生及防治提供理论依据。[方法]本研究采用菌丝生长速率法测定柑橘褐腐疫霉在不同培养基、温度、pH值、光照、碳源、氮源等条件下的生长特性，并选取24种市面常见的杀菌剂进行毒力测定。[结果]柑橘褐腐疫霉在PDA培养基下生长较好，培养5 d后菌落直径达43.49 mm；在22~30℃的温度环境下生长状态最佳，且在25℃时生长最快，培养5 d后菌落直径达42.54 mm；在pH为6~8时菌落生长较快；对碳源为可溶性淀粉的利用效果较好，而对麦芽糖、D-果糖利用效果较差；对氮源为蛋白胨和酵母膏的利用效果较好，而对尿素及碳酸铵的利用效果较差。测试的24种杀菌剂均对柑橘褐腐疫霉有抑制效果，复配33%春雷·喹啉铜悬浮剂、33.5%喹啉铜悬浮剂和30%吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂对柑橘褐腐疫霉的具有较强的毒力，其EC50值分别为29.423 mg/L、35.674 mg/L和40.962 mg/L。[结论]柑橘褐腐疫霉最适在PDA培养基、温度为22~30℃、pH为6~8、碳源为可溶性淀粉、氮源为蛋白胨和酵母膏的环境下生长。30%吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂、33.5%喹啉铜悬浮剂和33%春雷·喹啉铜悬浮剂对柑橘褐腐疫霉的抑制效果较好，可作为柑橘疫霉褐腐病田间防治参考用药。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Aims]To explore the Growth characteristic of Phytophthora citrophthora and the selection of effective agents, and to provide effective theoretical basis for preventing and controlling the occurrence of Citrus brown rot. [Methods]In this study, the mycelium growth method was utilized to investigate the Growth characteristic of Phytophthora citrophthora under varying conditions including different media, temperature, pH value, light exposure, carbon source, nitrogen source and other factors. Additionally, 24 common market fungicides were selected for assessing their virulence. [Results]Phytophthora citrophthora exhibited robust growth on PDA medium, with a colony diameter reaching 43.49 mm after 5 days of cultivation. The optimal growth state of Phytophthora citri was observed in a temperature range of 22 to 30℃, with the fastest growth occurring at 25℃. After 5 days of cultivation at this temperature, the colony diameter reached 42.54 mm. The colony grew faster when pH was 6~8.The utilization effect of soluble starch as carbon source was better, but the utilization effect of maltose and D-fructose was poor.The nitrogen source of peptone and yeast extract was better than that of urea and ammonium carbonate.The 24 fungicides tested were all effective in inhibiting Phytophthora citrophthora. The combination of 33% Chunley-quinoline copper suspension, 33.5% quinoline copper suspension and 30% pyrazolium ester suspension showed strong toxicity to Phytophthora citrophthora. The EC50 values were 29.423 mg/L, 35.674 mg/L and 40.962 mg/L, respectively.[Conclusions] Phytophthora citrophthora was best grown in the environment of PDA medium, temperature 22~30 ℃, pH 6~8, carbon source was soluble starch, nitrogen source was peptone and yeast extract.30% pyrazoline suspension, 33.5% quinoline copper suspension and 33% Chunley-quinoline copper suspension have good inhibition effect on Phytophthora citrophthora, and can be used as reference drugs for field control of Citrus brown rot. |
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