| 黄杨,周超超,徐沁怡,郑云晓,陆云峰,刘珠琴,牛海林,张成军,沈焕忠,汪国云.南方早春低温对‘梁弄红’等中国樱桃品种花器官冻害及座果率的影响[J].中国南方果树,2024,53(6): |
| 南方早春低温对‘梁弄红’等中国樱桃品种花器官冻害及座果率的影响 |
| Effects of low temperature in early spring in south China on floral organ frost injury and fruit setting rate of Chinese cherry cultivars such as ''Liangnonghong'' |
| 投稿时间：2024-06-13 修订日期：2024-09-19 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20240314 |
| 中文关键词: 中国樱桃 低温 冻害 花器官 座果率 |
| 英文关键词:Chinese cherry low temperature frost damage floral organ fruit setting rate |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文在浙江省宁波市余姚地区早春冻害发生后，通过调查‘梁弄红’‘短柄’‘黑珍珠’3个中国樱桃品种的花器官及座果情况，分析了品种、结果枝、栽培模式和防冻措施对中国樱桃冻害的影响。试验结果表明，南方早春低温对‘梁弄红’等中国樱桃的花器官会造成一定程度的冻害，受冻的花朵和花蕾均出现明显的冻害症状。樱桃花器官冻害程度及座果率高低，同品种、栽培模式、结果枝类型、防冻措施等因子存在相关性，主要表现为：‘梁弄红’抗低温能力相对较弱，座果率也相对较低；应用保温大棚栽培模式具有避免花器官冻害的作用，避雨栽培模式则可有效减轻花器官冻害；不同类型结果枝的花器官冻害由重到轻具有长果枝>中果枝>短果枝的特点；对于露地栽培的樱桃植株，及时喷雾防冻剂具有减轻冻害的效果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| After the occurrence of early spring frost damage in Yuyao, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, this paper analyzes the effects of cultivar, fruit-bearing shoot, cultivation mode, and antifreeze measures on frost damage in Chinese cherry by investigating the floral organs and fruit setting of three Chinese cherry cultivars, ''Lianglonghong'', ''Duanbing'', and ''Heizhenzhu''. The test results show that low temperature in early spring in the south will cause a certain degree of frost damage to the flower organs of Chinese cherry such as ''Liangnonghong'', and the frozen flowers and buds will show obvious symptoms of frost damage. The degree of frost damage and fruit setting rate of cherry blossoms are correlated with factors such as variety, cultivation mode, fruiting branch type, and antifreeze measures, mainly as follows: ''Liangnonghong'' has relatively weak cold resistance and a relatively low fruit setting rate; The cultivation mode of insulated greenhouse has the effect of avoiding frostbite of flower organs, while the cultivation mode of rain shelter can effectively reduce frostbite of flower organs; The freezing injury of flower organs of different types of fruiting branches is characterized by long fruiting branches > medium fruiting branches > short fruiting branches from severe to slight; For cherry plants cultivated in open fields, timely spraying of antifreeze agent has the effect of reducing frost damage. |
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