| 胡长久,喻周一雄,陈铁文,沈小洁,李慧,杨玲,邓楚然,范妍,黄辉祥,黄旭明.冬季补光处理及环剥处理对‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄冬果发育的影响[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(2): |
| 冬季补光处理及环剥处理对‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄冬果发育的影响 |
| Effect of Artificial Supplementary Lighting and girding During Winter on Development of Winter Fruits of ‘Shine Muscat’ Grape |
| 投稿时间：2024-05-23 修订日期：2024-06-18 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20240275 |
| 中文关键词: ‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄 LED补光 环剥处理 果实发育 品质形成 |
| 英文关键词:‘Shine Muscat’ grape LED light supplement girdling treatment fruit development quality formation |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】近年广东葡萄产业兴起,可进行一年两收。冬季,随着日照缩短、气温降低,叶片发生系统性衰老,不利于冬季葡萄果实发育和品质形成。本研究探索人工补光和环剥处理对果实发育的影响,为改善冬季果实发育和品质形成提供参考。【方法】以8年生‘5BB’砧‘阳光玫瑰’为试材。从2023年11月19号开始,以3 μmol/m2.s红光和蓝光(5∶1)的LED灯带为‘阳光玫瑰’果穗节位附近叶片施加人工光照,补光时间为每天18：00—24：00,直至果实成熟；2023年12月3日,对葡萄主枝进行环剥,取样记录浆果纵横径和可溶性固形物含量,分析果实有机酸和氨基酸。【结果】补光处理对纵横径及单果重无明显影响,显著提高果实TSS含量.补光处理使各种有机酸含量显著降低,进而显著提高固酸比,同时也使果实大部分氨基酸含量的降低,其中,苦味氨基酸含量和鲜味氨基酸含明显降低。环剥处理导致果径和果重显著降低,显著提高了果实TSS含量,降低了各种有机酸含量,其中酒石酸含量下降明显,进而是固酸比显著提高。补光处理和环剥处理则对果径、TSS含量和有机酸有互作效应。【结论】补光处理和环剥处理均可促进冬季‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄可溶性固形物积累,加快有机酸代谢,提高果实固酸比,但环剥处理不利果实膨大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objective] In recent years, the grape industry in Guangdong has been thriving, enabling two harvests per year. During winter, as daylight hours shorten and temperatures drop, the leaves undergo systemic senescence, adversely affecting grape fruit development and quality. This study explores the effects of supplemental lighting and girdling treatments on fruit development, providing a reference for improving fruit development and quality formation in winter. [Method] Eight-year-old "5BB" rootstock "Shine Muscat" was used as the experimental material. Starting from November 19, LED strips emitting 3 μmol/m2.s of red and blue light (ratio of 5:1) were used to provide artificial lighting to leaves near the "Shine Muscat" fruit cluster nodes from 18:00 to 24:00 daily until fruit maturation. On December 3, 2023, the main grape branches were subjected to girdling treatment. Samples were taken to record berry diameter and soluble solids content, and analyze organic acids and amino acids in the fruit. [Results] Supplemental lighting treatment had no significant effect on berry diameter and weight, but significantly increased TSS (total soluble solids) content. The treatment significantly reduced various organic acid levels, thereby increasing the sugar-acid ratio, while decreasing most amino acids in the fruit, including bitter amino acids and umami amino acids. Girdling treatment significantly reduced berry diameter and weight, but significantly increased TSS content and decreased various organic acid levels, particularly tartaric acid. This significantly increased the sugar-acid ratio. The effects of supplemental lighting and girdling treatments interacted on fruit diameter, TSS content, and organic acids. [Conclusion] Both supplemental lighting and girdling treatments can promote the accumulation of soluble solids and accelerate organic acid metabolism in "Shine Muscat" grapes during winter, thus increasing the sugar-acid ratio. However, girdling treatment is not conducive to fruit enlargement. |
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