| 字楠华,孙娅辉,沈思涵,郑中兵,陈萍.不同施氮量对杧果生长、产量、品质和相关基因表达的影响[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(3): |
| 不同施氮量对杧果生长、产量、品质和相关基因表达的影响 |
| Effects of different nitrogen application rates on growth, yield, quality and related gene expression of mango |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-02 修订日期：2024-05-07 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20240173 |
| 中文关键词: 杧果 产量 品质 施氮量 |
| 英文关键词:Mango yield quality nitrogen fertilizer |
| 基金项目:由海南大学横向项目—农光互补农业生产模式构建及示范应用研究(HD-KYH-2022384)资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以15年生“台农”杧果为试验材料，设置不同施氮量0 kg·hm-2（N0）、130 kg·hm-2(N1)、260 kg·hm-2(N2)、390 kg·hm-2(N3)和600 kg·hm-2(N4)，以N0处理为对照，研究果实膨大期不同施氮量对 “台农”杧果生长、产量、品质和相关基因表达量的影响。结果表明：适量的施氮能增加叶面积；随着施氮量增加，叶绿素含量先升高后下降，N3处理叶绿素含量最高；随着施氮量增加，果实含N量先上升后下降，N2处理的果实含N量最高。适量的施氮可以提高杧果的产量和单果重量，但施氮超过390 kg·hm-2（N3）增产不明显。N4处理的果实横纵径最高；随着施氮量增加，提高了果实可滴定酸和维生素C含量，而硬度、可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量低于对照，降低果实糖酸比；杧果膨大期追施氮肥后可溶性糖含量降低与糖代谢7个基因（SUS、SPS、INV等）表达水平下调有关。因此，在杧果膨大期追施氮肥260 kg·hm-2（N2）处理表现最好，增产幅度达30.7%。本研究结果为杧果膨大期合理追施氮肥提供理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The effects of different nitrogen application rates on the growth, yield, quality and related gene expression of '' Tainong '' mango at fruit expansion stage were studied by using 15 year old '' Tainong '' mango as experimental material and setting different nitrogen application levels of 0 kg·hm-2 (N0), 130 kg·hm-2 (N1), 260 kg·hm-2 (N2), 390 kg·hm-2 (N3) and 600 kg·hm-2 (N4). The results showed that nitrogen application could increase leaf area; with the increase of nitrogen application rate, the chlorophyll content increased first and then decreased, and the chlorophyll content of N3 treatment was the highest. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the N content of fruit increased first and then decreased, and the N content of fruit treated with N2 was the highest. Nitrogen application can increase the yield and single fruit weight of '' Tainong '' mango, but the yield increase is not obvious when nitrogen application exceeds 390 kg·hm-2 (N3). The transverse and longitudinal diameters of the fruit treated with N4 were the highest. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the content of titratable acid and vitamin C in fruit increased, while the hardness, soluble solids and soluble sugar content were lower than those of the control, and the sugar-acid ratio of fruit decreased. The decrease of soluble sugar content after topdressing nitrogen fertilizer in mango expansion period was related to the down-regulation of the expression levels of seven genes (SUS, SPS, INV, etc.) in sugar metabolism. Therefore, the treatment of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer 260 kg·hm-2 (N2) performed best in mango expansion period, and the yield increased by 30.7 %. The results of this study provide theoretical basis for the appropriate nitrogen fertilizer application during the mango fruit expansion period. |
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