| 康专苗.基于广泛靶向代谢组学的澳洲坚果果皮和果仁成分差异分析[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(3): |
| 基于广泛靶向代谢组学的澳洲坚果果皮和果仁成分差异分析 |
| Differential analysis of macadamia nut pericarp and kernel composition based on broadly targeted metabolomics |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-01 修订日期：2024-05-21 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 澳洲坚果，果皮，果仁，广泛靶向代谢组学，差异代谢物 |
| 英文关键词:Macadamia ternifolia peel Kernel widely targeted metabolomics differential metabolites |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】为了解澳洲坚果果皮和果仁的主要代谢成分，同时比较澳洲坚果果皮和果仁的成分差异。【方法】利用广泛靶向代谢组学对澳洲坚果果皮和果仁进行测定分析，通过主成分分析（PCA）、正交偏最小二乘-判别分析（OPLS-DA）和聚类分析等多元统计方法对代谢组数据比较分析，筛选差异代谢物。【结果】澳洲坚果果皮和果仁中共鉴定出 1078个代谢物，其中类黄酮、脂质、氨基酸及其衍生物、碳水化合物及其衍生物和有机酸及其衍生物占比最高。根据VIP值>1且P-value< 0.05，对差异代谢物进行筛选，得到稳定可靠的差异代谢物。澳洲坚果果皮与果仁间共筛选出552种差异代谢物，占比较多的为类黄酮、氨基酸及其衍生物和糖类及其衍生物类化合物；果仁与果皮相比，存在360种差异代谢物上调和192种差异代谢物下调。KEGG富集分析发现，澳洲坚果果皮与果仁的差异代谢物主要涉及富集在不同环境下的微生物代谢、氨基酸的生物合成、辅助因子的生物合成、核苷酸代谢等途径。【结论】澳洲坚果果皮和果仁中存在具有生物活性和药理活性的代谢物，且在果皮和果仁的代谢物存在显著差异。本研究结果对澳洲坚果的果皮和果仁的功能性成分的开发和利用提供一定的理论指导。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract: The objective was to understand the major metabolic components of the macadamia nut pericarp and kernel, as well as to compare the compositional differences between the macadamia nut pericarp and kernel. Macadamia nut pericarp and kernel were determined and analyzed using broadly targeted metabolomics, and metabolomic data were comparatively analyzed by multivariate statistical methods such as principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and cluster analysis to screen for differential metabolites. As a result, a total of 1078 metabolites were identified in macadamia nut pericarp and kernel, of which flavonoids, lipids, amino acids and their derivatives, carbohydrates and their derivatives, and organic acids and their derivatives accounted for the highest proportion. The differential metabolites were screened according to VIP value > 1 and P-value < 0.05, and stable and reliable differential metabolites were obtained. A total of 552 differential metabolites were screened between the macadamia nut rind and kernel, with a higher proportion of flavonoids, amino acids and their derivatives, and sugars and their derivatives compounds; 360 differential metabolites up-regulated and 192 differential metabolites down-regulated were present in the kernel compared with the rind. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the differential metabolites between macadamia nut pericarp and kernel were mainly involved in microbial metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, cofactor biosynthesis, and nucleotide metabolism pathways enriched in different environments. Metabolites with biological and pharmacological activities were present in the macadamia nut pericarp and kernel, and there were significant differences between the metabolites in the pericarp and kernel. The results of this study provide some theoretical guidance for the development and utilization of functional components of the pericarp and kernel of macadamia. |
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