| 闵卓,杨羽茜,邹双强,张阳,江璐.5种植物提取物对蓝莓灰霉病的抑制效果 及其对果实品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(2): |
| 5种植物提取物对蓝莓灰霉病的抑制效果 及其对果实品质的影响 |
| The inhibitory effects of five plant extracts on blueberry gray mold and their influence on fruit quality |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-18 修订日期：2024-04-18 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20240132 |
| 中文关键词: 蓝莓 植物提取物 灰霉菌 采后 蓝莓品质 抑菌作用 |
| 英文关键词:Blueberry plant extracts Botrytis cinerea post-harvest blueberry quality antimicrobial activity |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以蓝莓灰葡萄孢菌（Botrytis cinerea Pers.）为供试菌，采用浸提、煎煮及水浴蒸馏3种方式对折耳根、大蒜、蒲公英、艾草及青蒿有效成分进行提取，通过平板抑菌实验测试其抑菌效果，并对各提取液对蓝莓离体果实发病率及品质指标的影响进行测定。结果表明，3种方式获得的提取液均能显著抑制灰葡萄孢菌菌丝生长；各提取液均可显著降低离体果实发病率（对照组32%）（p＜0.05），以大蒜、艾草效果最好（4%），折耳根、青蒿次之（12%），蒲公英效果最差（16%）；另外，各提取液均可抑制蓝莓果实贮藏期间硬度的降低及失重率的增加，贮藏8天后，其可溶性固形物、pH、维生素C、总花色苷等指标均高于对照组。表明上述5种提取液可有效抑制蓝莓灰霉病的发生并维持其果实品质。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, blueberry gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. was targeted. Three extraction methods, namely soaking extraction, decoction, and water bath distillation, were employed to extract active ingredients from Houttuynia Cordata, Allium sativum L., Dandelion, Artemisia princeps, Artemisia carvifolia. The antifungal effects of the extracts were evaluated through agar diffusion assays, while their impact on disease incidence and quality parameters of detached blueberry fruits were determined. Results indicated that extracts obtained through all three methods significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of B. cinerea. Moreover, all extracts significantly reduced the disease incidence of detached fruits compared to the control group (32%) (p < 0.05). Among them, Allium sativum L.and Artemisia princeps extracts exhibited the best efficacy (4%), followed by P. Houttuynia Cordata and Artemisia carvifolia (12%), while dandelion extract showed the lowest efficacy (16%). Additionally, all extracts mitigated the decrease in hardness and increase in weight loss of blueberry fruits during storage. After 8 days of storage, the soluble solid content, pH, vitamin C content, total flavonoid content, and other quality indicators of fruits treated with extracts were higher than those of the control group. These findings suggest that the five extracts mentioned above effectively suppress blueberry gray mold disease occurrence and maintain fruit quality during storage. |
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