| 康专苗.南亚系列澳洲坚果品种在贵州的适应性研究[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(2): |
| 南亚系列澳洲坚果品种在贵州的适应性研究 |
| Study on adaptability of South Asian Macadamia cultivars in Guizhou |
| 投稿时间：2024-01-17 修订日期：2024-03-01 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 澳洲坚果 品种 性状 产量 |
| 英文关键词:Macadamia cultivar quality yield |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为筛选出适合在贵州热区栽培的澳洲坚果品种，以4个澳洲坚果品种为试验材料，以早其引进的主栽品种788为对照，测定了3个试验点不同品种的植物生长量（株高、冠幅、茎粗）、产量、果实性状、果实品质等性状指标，分析了不同澳洲坚果品种在不同试验点性状的差异性。结果表明，3个南亚系列澳洲坚果品种与对照788相比，在不同试验点生长植株的生长量性状指标差异不显著，其他性状指标均存在显著差异，各性状指标明显优于对照。其中，南亚2号具有投产早，产量高，果实出籽率高，果仁蛋白质含量高，粗脂肪含量低，且种植后第4~8年年均增产123.6%；南亚12号具有投产早，产量高，果实大、座果率高、出籽率高，出仁率高，第4~8年年均增产128.2%；南亚116号产量高，稳产性好、其出籽率和出仁率均较高，果壳薄，第4~8年年均增产179.6%。与对照788品种相比，三个品种均投产早1年。综上，3个澳洲坚果品种生产性能和适应性较优，均适宜在贵州南亚热区推广种植。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to screen out the suitable macadamia nut cultivars for cultivation in the hot zone of Guizhou, four macadamia nut cultivars were used as test materials, and the main cultivar 788, which was introduced early in its time, was used as the control, and the growth traits such as the amount of plant growth (plant height, crown width, and stem thickness), yield, fruiting characteristics, and fruit quality of different cultivars were determined and observed at three test points, and the differences in the growth traits of different macadamia nut cultivars were analyzed at different test points. The results showed that, compared with the control 788, the three South Asian series macadamia cultivars did not differ significantly in the growth volume trait indexes of the plants grown in different experimental points, and there were significant differences in other trait indexes, and the trait indexes were significantly better than those of the control. Among them, Nanya No.2 has the characteristics of early production, high yield, high fruit seed yield, high kernel protein content, low crude fat content, and an average annual yield increase of 123.6% from the 4th to 8th year after planting. Nanya No.12 has the characteristics of early production, high yield, large fruit, high fruit set, high seed yield, high kernel yield, and 128.2% annual average yield increase in the 4th to 8th years. Nanya No.116 has high yield, good stabilization, high seed and kernel yield, thin shells, and an average annual yield increase of 179.6% from year 4 to 8. Compared with the control 788 cultivar, all three cultivars were put into production 1 year earlier. In summary, the three macadamia cultivars have better production performance and adaptability, and are suitable for popularization of planting in the hot zone of South Asia in Guizhou. |
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