| 陈永区.澳洲坚果高产高效栽培技术[J].中国果业信息,2026,43(5): |
| 澳洲坚果高产高效栽培技术 |
| Exploration of high-yield and efficient cultivation technology of macadamia |
| 投稿时间：2026-02-02 修订日期：2026-03-10 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.X20260084 |
| 中文关键词: 澳洲坚果；高产；高效；栽培技术 |
| 英文关键词:Macadamia;High yield；Efficient; Cultivation technology；Explore。 |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 澳洲坚果属热带亚热带果树，是经济价值高的坚果。种植澳洲坚果如果管理不当，种植后第五年才有少量结果，第八年才逐步进入丰产期，而且产量大小年明显，不稳定。本文总结了广东省梅州市五华县澳洲坚果高产高效栽培技术，即宜选择无低温霜冻灾害和无台风灾害坡度不超过25度的缓坡地或平坦地，种植3年完成果园土壤深翻改良增加养分，培育强大根系，同时做好新梢生长培育，进入结果期后，做好肥料平衡施用和水分管理，及微量元素施用，促进开花着果，提高果实品质。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The macadamia is a tropical and subtropical fruit tree with high economic value nuts. If planted with improper cultivation techniques it takes five years after planting to bear a small amount of fruit, and it takes eight years to gradually enter the productive period, and the yield varies significantly from year to year, is unstable. At the same time, if there is a heavy frost in the winter of the planting area, it will cause serious frost damage; if the planting area is selected on a slope of more than 25°, it will cause insufficient sunshine time, affecting the fruiting of the fruit tree, poor mechanized production conditions, and excessive reliance on labor production, resulting in low production efficiency and high cost; if the planting area is selected in a place vulnerable to typhoons, due to the tall body of the macadam tree and the shallow root system, it is easy to cause the tree to fall during the typhoon rain season. In order to solve these production problems, the Wuhual Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute has explored high-yield and efficient cultivation techniques for macadamia for many years. High-yield and efficient cultivation techniques for macadamia: The orchard should be selected in a place without low-temperature frost and typhoon disasters and with a suitable soil slope of ≦25°, so that the or has sufficient sunshine and can build supporting facilities for mechanized production, and solve the problem of low production efficiency and high cost caused by excessive reliance on manual labor production. It can also a wider soil space for the growth of the fruit tree roots to ensure growth; ② Complete the deep ploughing and improvement of the orchard soil within three years after planting fruit tree to increase nutrients, so that the roots can grow into the deep soil, and cultivate a strong root system, while doing a good job in the growth and protection of new, cultivate a good tree body, and lay a solid foundation for maintaining a high yield and high quality after entering the fruiting period; ③ After the fruit tree enters the fru period, pay attention to the different periods of the tree's growth and fruiting, and do a good job in the balanced application of fertilizers and water management. At the time, pay attention to the application of trace elements to promote flowering and fruiting, and improve the quality of the fruit. The result of the application of high-yield efficient cultivation technology in the orchard: in the fourth year after planting, an average of 430kg of green fruit was harvested per 667m2; in fifth year after planting, an average of 513kg of green fruit was harvested per 667m2; in the sixth year after planting, an average of620kg of green fruit was harvested per 667m2; in the seventh year after planting, an average of 750kg of green fruit was per 667m2. |
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